Description of the episeptal and interlaminar fascial tunnels for the superficial fibular nerve and its terminal branches.

KESİLMİŞ İNCİ | KURTOĞLU OLGUNUS ZELİHA

Purpose This study aimed to reveal the course of the superficial fibular nerve and its branches, whose entrapment may be responsible for anterior leg pain and is at risk in fasciotomies, according to the crural fascia laminae and the anterior inter muscular septum. Methods On the twenty cadaver legs, the location of the superficial fibular nerve and its branches, according to the crural fascia layers and anterior intermuscular septum, the course type in the tunnel, if any, and the superficialization pattern were defined. Results The number of cases in which the superficial fibular nerve and its branches traveled within a tunnel was found to be 15/20 (75%). The superficial fibular tunnel was defined as an “episeptal” and “interlaminar fascial” tunnel based on the nerve’s relati...

Oxidation of Alchols to Carbonyl Compounds Benzylic Carbons to their Ketones and Arenes to their Quinones with Molecular Oxygen in Subcritical Water

Özen Recep, Şimşek Kuş Nermin

Molecular oxygen is used as an efficient oxidant for the conversion of alcohols into carbonyl compounds, benzylic carbons to their ketones, and arenes to their quinones in subcritical water in the absence of catalysts. The procedure utilizes water and does not require support materials and metal salts.

Investigation of landslide detection using radial basis functions: a case study of the Taşkent landslide, Turkey

Şanlıoğlu, İsmail

This paper investigates landslide detection over flat and steep-slope areas with large forest cover using different radial basis function interpolation methods, which can affect the quality of a digital elevation model. Unmanned aerial vehicles have been widely used in landslide detection studies. The generation of image-based point clouds is achievable with various matching algorithms from computer vision systems. Point cloud-based analysis was performed by generating multi-temporal digital elevation models to detect landslide displacement. Interpolation methodology has a crucial task to fill the gaps in insufficient areas that result from filtered areas or sensors that do not generate spatial information. Radial basis function interpolations are the most commonly used technique for estim...

Accurate determination of the Taşkent (Konya, Turkey) landslide using a long-range terrestrial laser scanner

Şanlıoğlu, İsmail

Landslides are a common type of mass movement that occur in large numbers and have significant effects on topography. In Turkey, landslides rank second after earthquakes among natural disasters that cause widespread loss of life and property. This study investigates the monitoring of the Tas¸kent Landslide (Konya, Turkey), which has considerably affected the local topography. The landslide in Tas¸kent had an adverse effect on transportation to nearby towns and villages. Initial studies were conducted using the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) measurement scale; these studies are currently ongoing. Since 2011, studies using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), which is one of the latest ground-positioning technologies, have also been launched. This article presents the results of the ...

Association of NRG3 and ERBB4 gene polymorphism with nicotine dependence in Turkish population

Erdal, Mehmet Emin

Background Nicotine dependence (ND) is characterized by regular smoking, anxiety, irritation, difficulty concentrating, impatience, restlessness, tremor, dizziness, hunger, nicotine demand, and the individual’s reluctance to quit despite knowing the health risks of smoking. Recently, it has been reported that the Neuregulin 3 (NRG3)/Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ERBB4) signaling pathway plays a role in ND. NRG3, which is activated after nicotine intake, binds to ERBB4 and causes GABA release. GABA reduces anxiety and tension, which are one of the nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Therefore we aimed to investigate the relationship between NRG3 and ERBB4 gene polymorphisms and ND. Materials and methods The study population was comprised of patients with ND (n = 200) and healthy non-smoker c...

Degenerate Bernoulli–Fibonacci and Euler–Fibonacci polynomials

Dişkaya, Orhan

In this article, we first introduce the degenerate Bernoulli–Fibonacci numbers and degenerate Euler–Fibonacci numbers. Using these definitions, we then define the degenerate Bernoulli–Fibonacci polynomials and degenerate Euler–Fibonacci polynomials and examine their graphs for several initial values of λ. Subsequently, we define the degenerate Bernoulli and Euler F-polynomials and derive new exponential generating functions for these polynomials. Additionally, we investigate various identities associated with these polynomials.

Nickel(II) complexes prepared from NNN type ligands and pseudohalogens : Synthesis, structure and thermal decomposition

Six nickel(II) complexes, using azide and thiocyanate ions, have been synthesized from bis-2,6(pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (pp) and some methyl derivatives, 2-(3,5-dimethyl(pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (app) and bis-2,6(3,5-dimethyl(pyrazol-1-yl) pyridine (dmpp) in non-aqueous media. The complex structures were analyzed using elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. Appropriate crystals of complex, containing azide [Nipp(N3)2]·MeOH (I) and thiocyanate [Nidmpp(SCN)2·MeOH] (VI) were prepared and the molecular structures determined using X-ray diffraction. Complex I was seen to be dinuclear as stated in literature, space group P21/n, monoclinic, a=10.503, b=10.681, c=13.291 Å, β=106.56° and Z=2 whereas complex VI was found to be mononuclear, space group P21/n, monoclinic,...

Illustrating of a Landslide Site with Photogrammetric and LIDAR Methods

Çelik, Mehmet Özgür | Alptekin, Aydın | Yakar, Murat

2024-12-26

The Comparison of Heavy Metal Level in Surface Water, Sediment and Biota Sampled from the Polluted and Unpolluted Sites in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea

Çiftçi, Nuray | AYAS, Deniz

The determination of heavy metal level (aluminium, iron, zinc, arsenic strontium) in surface water, sediment, and biota in Iskenderun Bay, polluted site, and Mersin Bay, unpolluted site, in 2018–2019 seasonally were aimed. The muscle and liver (viscera for shrimp) tissue of three fish (Saurida lessepsianus, Nemipterus randalli, Mullus barbatus) and an invertebrate (Penaus semisulcatus) species, which have different habitats and diet, were used to detection of biota metal level. Sediment samples were analyzed in four different particle sizes which were < 63, 63 ≤ − < 125, 125 ≤ − < 250, 250 ≤ − < 500 μm mesh size. The metal levels in surface water, sediment, and biota samples were analysed with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Statistical analysis of the data was...

Fibonacci-based generalizations of degenerate Stirling numbers

Dişkaya, Orhan

This paper introduces and systematically investigates Fibonacci-based analogues and generalizations of degenerate Stirling and Lah numbers. We begin by recalling the classical definitions and key properties of Stirling numbers of both kinds, Lah numbers, Fibonacci numbers, and Fibonomial coefficients, along with F-falling and F-rising factorials. The foundational concept of degenerate numbers and their associated degenerate factorials, as initiated by Carlitz, is also reviewed. Our primary contribution is the definition of four new families of numbers: the degenerate F-Stirling numbers of the first kind and S1,λF(n,k), the degenerate F-Stirling numbers of the second kind S2,λF(n,k), and the degenerate F-Lah number LλF(n,k). These numbers are precisely characterized as connection coeffici...

Monitoring landslides with geophysical and geodetic observations

Şanlıoğlu, İsmail

The objective of this study was to evaluate and predict land movement by integrating geodetic, geophysical and meteorological data in a landslide area. Specifically, electrical resistivity tomography surveying, Global Navigation Satellite System and terrestrial laser scanning techniques were integrated to monitor a landslide. The study area lies to the southeast of the town of Ta kent in southern Turkey, close to Balcflar in the Central Taurus mountain chain. Landslides result in considerable damage to structures, farmland and the environment in this area; therefore, it is important to characterise the size, extent and timing of past land movements in order to mitigate damage from future landslides. Analysis presented in this paper shows that the greatest land movements in the region occur...

Phytoplankton distribution in the Caspian Sea during March 2001

Soydemir, Nuray | Eker, Elif

Phytoplankton abundance, biomass and species composition of the Caspian Sea were evaluated by using samples collected from the Iranian (southern Caspian Sea) and southern Kazakhstan (eastern Caspian Sea) surface waters inMarch 2001. A total of 45 taxa were found in the samples (20 diatoms, 17 dinoflagellates and 8 others). Abundance and biomass of diatoms were high at the eastern stations, while dinoflagellates were dominant in terms of both biomass and abundance in the southern region. Average abundance and biomass were 40 000 ± 35 000 cell l)1 and 580 ± 690 lg l)1 . The mean biomass value found here for the Middle and southern Caspian Sea in March are difficult to compare with the past due to limited information, but seems higher than previously registered values. Higher chloroph...

Development of Nanoparticle-Modified Ultramicroelectrodes and Their Electroanalytical Application

An ultramicroelectrode is an electrode whose characteristic dimensions are smaller than 25 μm. They have been used in electrochemistry for the last 30 years and can be used in studying extremely small sample volumes. Due to these advantages, ultramicroelectrodes have revolutionized electrochemical applications and methodologies. They have also transformed the time/space accessibility of experimentation. Nanomaterials are materials whose dimensions are at the nanometer scale (1–100 nm) or assembled at this range. When compared to conventional materials the structure and properties of nanomaterials are essentially changed. They show chemical, physical, and electronic properties that are not seen in other materials or even materials from which the nanoparticles were prepared. Nanomaterials ar...

The role of Wnt pathway antagonists in early‑stage lung adenocarcinoma

Erdal, Mehmet Emin

Abstract Purpose We aimed to examine the expression levels of the genes encoding adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) 1, APC-2, Dickkopf related protein (DKK)-1, DKK-3, secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP)-2, SFRP-4, and SFRP-5, which play roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal lung tissues and to evaluate their relationships with clinicopathologic factors. Materials and methods The expression levels of genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of tumor tissue and adjacent intact lung tissue from 57 patients who underwent surgery for lung adenocarcinoma between 2011 and 2018 were determined by real-time PCR analysis. Results The expression levels of the DKK-1 in tumor tissue, especially in stage I–II tumor tissue, were significantly suppresse...

Is the dopamine D3 receptor mRNA on blood lymphocytes help to for identification and subtyping of schizophrenia?

Erdal, Mehmet Emin

Abstract Schizophrenia is one of the neuropathological disorders, which are associated with dopamine and its receptors. In recent years, it has been shown that mRNA of D3, D4 and D5 dopamine receptor (DRD3, DRD4, DRD5) subtypes is expressed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). A total 55 schizophrenic patients and 51 healthy subjects were included in the study to investigate the levels of DRD3 mRNA in PBL of schizophrenic patients and whether DRD3 mRNA level in PBL can serve as peripheral marker for schizophrenia. RNA was isolated from lymphocytes of both groups and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for DRD3 mRNA. We found a significant difference in PBL DRD3 mRNA levels among schizophrenia subtypes (P = 0.030) while no difference was detected b...

Role of nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 and exon 7 polymorphisms in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Erdal, Mehmet Emin

The objective of our study was to assess the association of eNOS4 and eNOS296 polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Forty-eight patients with OSAS and 181 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Genotype analyses were performed for eNOS intron 4 VNTR and exon 7, Glu298Asp (G!T) polymorphisms. There was no signiWcant diVerence between the patients and controls regarding eNOS4 polymorphism (P > 0.05). There was a signiWcant diVerence between the patients and controls regarding eNOS296 polymorphism. Glu/Asp variant was more frequent whereas Glu/Glu variant was less frequent in the patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). There was no relationship between eNOS4 and eNOS296 polymorphisms and polysomnography paramete...