Application of the central composite design to mineralization of olive mill wastewater by the electro/FeII/persulfate oxidation method

Gözmen, Belgin | Görmez, Özkan | Yabalak, Erdal

The olive mill wastewater is a major environmental problem, which is waiting for effective treatment. In this study, the mineralization of olive mill wastewater was investigated using the electro/FeII/persulfate process. The central composite design was utilized to examine the effect of each experimental variables (concentration of persulphate and FeII, treatment time and constant current) on the mineralization of olive mill wastewater. The optimum chemical oxygen demand removal percentage was obtained as 71.2% where the reaction conditions were 200 mA current, 250 mM persulphate, 25 mM FeII, and 6 h reaction time. In addition, the maximum percentage of total phenolic removal and the energy consumption were 88% and 4.50 kWh/kgCOD, respectively, which were obtained at the same reaction ...

Subkritik ve süperkritik akışkanlarla kum ve arıtma çamurundan ağır metal ekstraksiyonu

Yabalak, Erdal

Recent advances in environmental and agricultural applications of hydrochars: A review

Al-Nuaimy, Maryam Nawfal Mahmood | Azizi, Nangyallai | Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal

Hydrochar is a carbonaceous material that is generated through the process of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) from biomass, which has garnered considerable attention in recent years owing to its potential applications in a diverse range of fields, such as environmental remediation and agriculture. Hydrochar is produced from a diverse range of biomass waste materials and retains exceptional properties, including high carbon content, stability, and surface area, making it an optimal candidate for various enviro-agricultural applications. Moreover, it delves into the production process of hydrochar, with explicit emphasis on the optimization of certain properties during the production of hydrochar from bio-waste. Furthermore, the potential of hydrochar as an adsorbent and catalyst support fo...

Comprehensive review of Carbon-based nanostructures: Properties, synthesis, characterization, and cross-disciplinary applications

Gul, Afroz | Nasir, Abir | Moses, Titus Otamayomi | Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal

Carbon has played a pivotal role in human civilization's advancement, owing to its ability to form strong bonds in various structures. Over the past three decades, numerous carbon-based nanoparticles (CBNs) have been developed through diverse synthesis processes. CBNs have been utilized in a wide range of applications, including biomedicine, catalysis, environmental remediation, and textiles. This paper provides a comprehensive study of the CBNs. The first section includes detailed descriptions of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, and carbon quantum dots and their properties. Also, It provides a comprehensive overview of the different synthesis methods. The third section of this paper shows the techniques used in the characterization process and the l...

Environmentally friendly synthesis of N-thiazole-pyrrolidine derivatives in supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water

Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal | Gemili, Müge | Gizir, Ahmet Murat | Döndaş, Hacı Ali

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is widely used in several academic discipline as environmentally friendly fluid. Studies related to scCO2 have gained importance, due to having some properties such as low toxicity and non-flammability [1]. Subcritical water is defined as water which heated between 100 and 374 °C and pressurized high enough to maintain it in the liquid state [2] Solvent properties which related to polarity of water is depend on its temperature. As a result both polar and non-polar organics can easily dissolve in subcritical water [3]. Thiazole [4] and pyrrolidine [5], five-membered heterocyclic structures, have been intensively studied in medicinal chemistry because of their heterocyclic moieties in which present in the many bioactive molecules and alkal...

Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 2-(Thiazol-2-yl)-octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole Derivatives Using Subcritical Water

Gemili, Müge | Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal

Thiazole and pyrrolidine derivatives are among the most important pharmacophore groups in drug research studies.1,2 It is known that both thiazole3 and pyrrolidine4 moieties are present in a wide range of pharmacologically active compounds. Subcritical water is a green alternative to conventional solvents because of being an environmentally friendly, cheap, safe and non-toxic solvent.5 Subcritical water offers the unique medium for performing various organic reactions.6 In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 2-(thiazol-2-yl)-octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole derivatives in subcritical water in highly to excellent yield.

Synthesis of Polysubstituted Methyl 5,5-diphenyl-1-(thiazol-2-Yl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Derivatives Using scCO2

Nural, Yahya | Gemili, Müge | Yabalak, Erdal

Thiazole core has been intensively studied in the drug research field, due to the fact that the compounds containing this moiety exhibited various pharmacological activity.1 The other important pharmacophore group, pyrrolidine core, has been also intensively studied in pharmaceutical chemistry.2 The environmentally friendly supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is one of the most widely used fluids3, and has been extensively used as an organic solvent4 due to having significant advantages such as low toxicity, non-flammability and changeable physical properties, as well as can be easy separated from reaction medium.3,4 It is known that scCO2 has been used in various reactions such as in chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective,5 and many other organic synthetic reactions.6 In this...

Environmentally friendly synthesis of N-thiazole-pyrrolidine derivatives in supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water

Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal | Belveren, Samet | Gemili, Müge | Gizir, Ahmet Murat | Döndaş, Hacı Ali

The environmentally friendly supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is one of the most widely used fluids and its low toxicity, non-flammability and easy seperation from reaction medium make it favoured for the synthetic green chemistry [1a,b]. It has been reported that scCO2 is a good solvent for various chemical reactions such as in enzymatic catalysis reactions and organometallic catalysis reactions [1]. Cobalt is essential metal in all living organisms [2] and some Co(III) complexes have shown broad spectrum bioactivity [3]. Benzoylthiourea derivatives are known as important class of both heterocyclic and coordination chemistry [4]. In previous study [5], we have reported the synthesis of polysubstituted aroylaminocarbo-N thiol pyrrolidines derivatives and their Ni(II), Pd...

Design and synthesis of silver nanoparticle anchored poly(ionic liquid)s mesoporous for controlled anticancer drug delivery with antimicrobial effect

Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal

Owing to the importance of drug delivery, the synthesis of advanced nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery plays a considerable role in medical treatment. One of the most prominent nanomaterials is PIL, which is used as controlled anticancer drug delivery and significantly improves the half-life and antitumor effect. In this study, a stable and effective drug carrier containing silver nanoparticles was reported for the drug delivery with an antimicrobial effect, and the capability of the drug carrier . PILP was synthesized by radical polymerization, and silver nanoparticles were anchored into PIL voids by in-situ reduction, which developed the adsorption antimicrobial effect and capability of the drug carrier. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized. The Ag-PILP nanocomposite sho...

Mineralization of Hydrochlorothiazide using Hydrogen Peroxide in Subcritical Water

Yabalak, Erdal | Görmez, Özkan | Nural, Yahya

In this paper, we investigated the mineralization of hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic drug which is used for the treatment of hypertension, using H2O2 as the oxidizing agent in subcritical water as a medium. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize experimental parameters such as temperature, treatment time, and concentration of the oxidizing agent. 85.22% of TOC removal was obtained at 403 K, 80 mM of hydrogen peroxide and 147.3 min. The reliability of the performed method was evaluated by ANOVA and the theoretical equation of TOC removal of hydrochlorothiazide was proposed. F and p values of the model were determined as 62.88 and lower than 0.0001, respectively.

1,4-Naphthoquinone thiazoles: Synthesis, crystal structure, anti-proliferative activity, and inverse molecular docking study

Efeoglu, Cagla | Demir, Bunyamin | Yabalak, Erdal | Nural, Yahya

In this study, 1,4-naphthoquinone thiazole hybrids were synthesized by reacting 1,4-naphthoquinone thioureas with various alpha-bromoketones in 78-86 % yields and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS techniques. Furthermore, single crystal x-ray diffraction studies were also performed for 3b and 3c hybrids to determine stereochemistry. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to obtain additional information and to support the x-ray studies. The in vitro anti-proliferative activities of 1,4-naphthoquinone thiazoles were investigated against PC3 human prostate cancer cells. The products 3a-h showed antiproliferative activity against PC3 cells, and the cell viability studies showed that the IC50 values of compounds 3f and 3e were 20.10 mu M and 21.14 mu M, ...

Sub-Kritik Su Ortamında Aminokarbo-N-tiyol Pirolidin Türevi Bileşiklerin Nikel Komplekslerinin Eldesi

Nural, Yahya | İnce, Tuncay | Yabalak, Erdal | Gizir, Ahmet Murat | Döndaş, Hacı Ali

Doğal biı çözüğü oian suyrın sıvı faz dunımunun kon:ndufu yOksek basııçlar

Recent progress in the reduction of benzene derivatives and their industrial applications

Azizi, Nangyallai | Nural, Yahya | Yabalak, Erdal

Cyclohexane (CHA), cyclohexene (CHE), and 1,4-cyclohexadiene (CHD) derivatives have a wide variety of applications and scope in synthetic and industrial organic chemistry. These cyclic hydrocarbons are found in a variety of natural products, including herbal plants and fruits as basic fragrance components. The extraction and isolation of these essential hydrocarbons are too complex and difficult to pursue. However, the reduction of benzene and its derivatives is an essential and effective approach for producing CHA, CHE, and CHD derivatives. To obtain CHA, CHE, and CHD derivatives, several types of reduction techniques for benzene and its derivatives have been developed over the years, including various forms of catalytic hydrogenation, Benkeser reduction, classic and many modified Birch r...

Green synthesis of highly functionalized octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole derivatives using subcritical water, and their anti(myco)bacterial and antifungal activity

Nural, Yahya | Gemili, Müge | Yabalak, Erdal | Ulger, Mahmut

A series of novel 2-(thiazol-2-yl)-octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrroles was synthesized by reaction of octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole N-benzoylthiourea derivatives and alpha-haloketones in subcritical water at 130 degrees C in 75-91% yield. Both the thiourea intermediates and the end productswere synthesized in subcritical water, which proved a suitable green alternative to acetone by delivering the desired compounds in much shorter reaction times and practically the same yields. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined against five bacterial strains and three fungal strains, and MIC values of 15.62-250 mu g/mL were observed. Moreover, the compounds exhibited antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv with MIC values of 7.81-62.5 mu g/mL.

Aminokarbo-N-tiyol pirolidin türevi bileşiklerin süperkritik CO2 ortamında sentezi

Nural, Yahya | İnce, Tuncay | Yabalak, Erdal | Döndaş, Hacı Ali | Gizir, Ahmet Murat

Süperkritik CO2 in çözücü olarak kullan m ye il kimya için önemli olmakla birlikte, kimyasal tepkimelerde de i ken çözgen olarak kullanlmas son zamanlarda büyük ilgi görmektedir [1]. Yaygn olarak kullanlan organik çözücülerin bir çounun çevre için zaral etkilere sahip olmalarna kar n, süperkritik CO2 nin çevre dostu, tepkime sonras kat/s v üründen kolayl kla ayrlmas, ba l inertlik gibi özelliklere sahip olmas alternatif çözücü olarak kullanlmasn önemli klmaktadr [2]. Aminokarbotiyol türevi bile ikler ve metal kompleksleri, antifungal [3] ve antitümör [4] gibi biyoaktivitelerinin yan sra, baz aminokarbotiyol türevleri çe itli metal iyonlar n ayrlmas [5] ve sv-sv ektraksiyonda [6] kullanldklar da literatürde yer almaktadr. Bu çal mada, çal ma grubumuz taraf ndan daha önce kon...

New 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Synthesis, molecular docking, and solubility

Efeoglu, Cagla | Yabalak, Erdal | Nural, Yahya

In this study, a series of new 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized in 84-93 % yield using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry and characterized by 1H/13C NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS analyses. The synthesized compounds (4a-h) were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I and II (hCA I and hCA II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which are clinically relevant targets in neurological and metabolic disorders. Among them, compounds 4f and 4g exhibited the most potent dual inhibitory activities. Compound 4f showed KI values of 144.30 nM for hCA II and 205.10 nM for AChE, while compound 4g exhibited KI values of 239.10 nM for hCA II and 125.90 nM for AChE. These values demonstrate that 4f and 4g are more effective than ...