Investigation of using waste banana peels in EPDM as bio-based filler
AKBAY, İsmail Kutlugün
The rubber and plastics sectors have been developing in both 19th and 20th centuries. The most of the developments have been realized in the 20th century. As a result of this, the need for petrochemical products has increased day by day. Synthetic rubber is used to protect vehicle tires, automotive parts, white goods, insulation materials and especially bridges, highways, viaducts and nuclear facilities requiring high elastic modulus from seismic and acoustical effects. Rubber type materials are preferred in many engineering applications due to due to their sufficient properties such as high elasticity. The importance of the study carried out in the rubber industry in order to improve the performance characteristics of the material as well as to increase the production efficiency and reduc...
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS FOR LEAD OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Akbay, İsmail Kutlugün | Genç, Rükan | Özdemir, Tonguç
Nano-sized lead oxide has useful applications that can be used in industry. In this study, the synthesis parameters were optimized using response surface methodology and ANOVA study was also carried out. Reaction temperature, sodium hydroxide and lead (II) acetate concentration were studied as the factors and the particle size was selected as the response variable. The modification was lead to increase the adequate precision of the model. Close results between R2 (correlation coefficient) and R2adj showed the accuracy of the model. The optimum results of the study were found 14.89 M NaOH concentration, 0.87 M Pb(II)Ac and reaction temperature of 88.56 °C. The particle size of lead II oxide was found to be 19.75 nm under optimum parameters.
ACCUMULATION OF RECYCLED WASTE TYRE WITHIN DIFFERENT RUBBERS: A KINETIC STUDY
Akbay, İsmail Kutlugün | Özdemir, Tonguç
Waste tyres around the world are increased severely in the last century. The accumulation of waste tyre within poly dimethyl siloxane (silicone) and ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber (EPDM) rubbers were examined. The moving die rheometer were used for the kinetic analysis of the samples. The MDR results showed that the silicone sample that has 5% waste tyre content has the better rheological results. Kinetic study examination of both EPDM and silicone rubber were done according to non-linear curve fitting model. The fitting model were conducted as Kamal-Sourour Model. In addition, the fitted model was corrected with fourth order Runge-Kutta model. Moreover, activation energy of both samples were calculated from Arrhenius plot for both rubbers. For EPDM case, it was found 99 kJ/mole a...
Yemler Bilgisi Yem Teknolojisi ve Balık Besleme
Bilgüven, Murat
Her havuz alanında ya da yetiştirme biriminden elde edilen balık ve dolayısıyla balık yetiştiriciliğinin kârlılığı, büyük ölçüde kullanılan yemin miktarına bağlıdır. Su ürünleri sistemi ne kadar yoğun olursa yemlemenin önemi o kadar fazla olur ve toplam üretim maliyetinde yem maliyetinin payı da o kadar artar. Bilindiği üzere alabalık başta olmak üzere bazı balıkların yetiştiriciliği için akarsu sistemli tesisler kullanılmakta yada sıcaklığın, su bileşiminin ve akıntının dolayısıyla oksijen yoğunluğunun daha iyi olduğu tatlı su ve kıyılarda ise yüzer ağ kafeslerde yetiştiricilik yapılmaktadır. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin ileri durumda olduğu ülkelerde entansif yetiştiricilik uygulanmakta ve yetiştirme alanlarında birim hacimde maksimum ürün yetiştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu tür yetişti...
Investigation of using shelf-life passed milk in EPDM as bio-based filler
AKBAY, İsmail Kutlugün
Waste management of dairy products is an important topic for both economic and environmental aspects. In order to remove or reduce the harmful effects of carbon black used as a filler material, the effects of polymers obtained by using some biological wastes such as shelf-life passed milk instead of carbon black on the physical and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber have been investigated. Moving Die Rheometer and Soxhlet extraction tests were applied to the obtained compound and the results were evaluated. MDR test results showed that the scorch time of the samples increased by 10% SP filler, and Soxhlet test results were in line with MDR test. Mechanical analysis showed that the addition of casein polymer improved the elongation at break values of the...
N-vinylcaprolactam-based temperature and pH-sensitive graft hydrogels for controlled drug release of 5-FU: a comprehensive study on synthesis, characterization, and release kinetics
İsmail Kutlugün AKBAY | Tonguç ÖZDEMİR
Stimuli-responsive polymers can be used for various purposes due to their amazing properties within the context of controlled release systems. In this study, the aim was to prepare hydrogels that are stimulus-responsive to temperature and pH and utilize them in drug release investigations. N-Vinyl caprolactam-based polymers were synthesized and optimized based on the swelling ratio data. Both temperature and pH sensitivity, along with their respective transition values, were determined. The best sample was selected based on 5-FU encapsulation efficiency. To enhance the swelling ratio and encapsulation values, different amounts of poly-(ethylene glycol) were added to improve water swelling ratio and 5-FU release properties. All obtained samples were characterized using water swelling ratio,...
Role of antioxidant defense system and biochemical adaptation on stress tolerance of high mountain and steppe plants
Keleş, Yüksel
Eleven species were collected from Northwest Anatolian mountains (1500–2000 m) and 18 species were collected from the Central Anatolian steppes (850–1000 m) in June 1998 and 1999. In all the species investigated, the water and dry matter percentages and solute contents were measured. The chlorophyll, b-carotene, ascorbate and a-tocopherol contents and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) andglutathione reductase (GR)enzymeactivities oftheplants werealsodetermined.Thesteppeplantshadlowerwatercontentcomparedwith alpine plants. The chlorophyll contents of the plants investigated did not change with altitude. However, the carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio of alpine plants was found to be significantly higher. The antioxidant/chlorophyll ratio of the trees and shrubs was higher than that of he...
Study and development of electrospun (TPU, PA-6) / silicone bilayer membranes for congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair
Bölgen, Nimet | Yılmaz, Şakir Necat | Kibar, Deniz
Large defects in the congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are treated by prosthetic materials, most frequently polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with high complications. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel electrospun double-faced prosthesis that will minimize these surgical complications. Polyamide 6 (PA-6) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers were prepared by solution electrospinning, and room temperature vulcanized silicone (RTV) was used in electrospinning by dip-coating to develop a double-faced membrane. The results demonstrate that the duration of electrospinning and thickness of silicone layers influence the morphology of the bilayer scaffolds. Electrospun bilayer polyamide 6/silicone and thermoplastic polyurethane/silicone scaffolds are fabricated as potentia...