Arzu Özlüer Hunt
SU ÜRÜNLERİ FAKÜLTESİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ SU ÜRÜNLERİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI
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E-Postaahunt@mersin.edu.tr
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ÜnvanProf.Dr.
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YÖK Araştırmacı No13495
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INVESTIGATION OF SOME BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESHWATER PERCH (PERCA FLUVIATILIS L.,1758) LIVING IN YAMULA DAM LAKE (KAYSERİ)
Hunt, Arzu Özlüer | Yılmaz, Ferbal Özkan
Bu araştırmada, Yamula Baraj Gölü (Kayseri)’nde yaşayan Perca fluviatilis popülasyonunun bazı biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Ekim 2022-Temmuz 2023 tarihlerinde her mevsimi temsil eden aylarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen 96 adet P. fluviatilis’in boy, ağırlık ve gonad ağırlığı gibi metrik ölçümlerine, eşey tayinlerine, GSİ (Gonadosomatik İndeks), VSİ (Viserosomatik İndeks) ve HSİ (Hepatosomatik İndeks) değerleri ve Kondüsyon faktörlerine (KF) bakılmıştır. Elde edilen örneklerden 59’u dişi, 32’si erkek ve 5 bireyin eşeyi belirlenememiştir. Balıkların yaşı 3-8 yaş arasında tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Yamula Baraj Gölü’nde mevsime bağlı su kalite parametrelerinden Sıcaklık (°C), Çözünmüş oksijen (mg/L), pH, Sertlik (CaCO3, mg/L), Nitrit (NO2 mg/L), Nitrat (NO3 mg/L), Sülfat (SO4), Klorofil a (μg/L), Elektriksel iletkenlik (μS/cm), toplam azot (mg/L) ve toplam fosfor (mg/L) değerleri incelenmiştir. Yamula Baraj Gölü’nde saptanan dişi ve erkek oranı 1;0,84 olarak belirlenmiştir. P. fluviatilis’in mevsimsel ağırlık değişimleri sonbahar ve kış ayında, İlkbahar ve yaz ayından daha düşük çıkmış ve istatistiksel olarak farklı bulunmuştur (P0,05). Erkeklerde yaz ve sonbahar mevsimi VSİ değerleri açısından biraz yüksek bulunmuş ve fark istatisti...
Determination of water characteristics of trout farms for organic farming in Feke
Hunt, Özlüer Arzu
Organik su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği, en iyi çevresel uygulamaları birleştiren, biyolojikçeşitliliği koruyan, doğal kaynakları koruyan ve tüketicilerin tercihi ile yüksek balıkrefahı gerektiren, çiftlik yönetimi ve gıda üretimine yönelik bütüncül bir yaklaşımdır.Bu çalışmada, Adana ili Feke ilçesinde bulunan iki farklı alabalık üretim işletmesininsu kalitesi ve organik balık yetiştiriciliğine uygunluğu araştırılmıştır. Su kaliteparametrelerinden sıcaklık, çözünmüş oksijen, pH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, alkalinite, nitratazotu, nitrit azotu, amonyum azotu, ortofosfat fosforu ve alkalinite değerlendirilmiştir.Yapılan örnekleme sonucunda seçilen kaynak sularında elde edilen su parametrelerisırasıyla sıcaklık 11.7°C ve 11.3°C, pH 7.12 ve 7.11, çözünmüş oksijen 11.10 mg/Lve 10.63 mg/L olarak saptanmıştır. Kaynak sularının tüm fiziksel ve kimyasalözellikleri açısından yüksek su kalite standardına sahip olduğu görülmektedir.Böylece her iki istasyona giren suların organik balık yetiştiriciliğine uygun olduğusaptanmıştır.
Mersin İli Taşucu Limanı’ndan Örneklenen Sintine SularınınKirlilik Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Deniz yolu ile yapılan taşımacılığın artması sonucu, gemilerin oluşturduğu deniz kirliliği problemi, son yıllarda oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, gemi sintine sularının deniz kirliliği yönünden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mersin Taşucu Limanı’nda bulunan iki farklı gemiye ait sintine suyu örnekleri alınarak pH, renk, toplam azot, toplam fosfor, askıda katı madde (AKM), hidrokarbon yağ indeksi (HYİ), kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ), yüzey aktif madde analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Gemi 1 ve Gemi 2 ‘den alınan Sintine suyu örneklerinin analiz değerleri sırasıyla AKM 472 mg/L-1812 mg/L; HYİ 110,6-138,8 mg/L; KOİ 8870,4-17369,6 mg/L; BOİ 1606,4 -3881,1 mg/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği’nin derin deşarj sınır değerlerine göre AKM 350 mg/L, yağ-gres 15 mg/L, KOİ 400 mg/L ve BOİ 250 mg/L’dir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen değerlerin, istenilen sınırlardan fazla olduğu ve sintine suların doğrudan denize boşaltılmaması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. The problem of marine pollution caused by ships has become very important in recent years as a result of the increase in maritime transportation. This study aimed to evaluate ship b...
Biochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Alburnus tarichi Roe Protein Hydrolysate
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YALIN, SERAP
The protein hydrolysates with antioxidant and antimicrobial potential have become a theme of great interest for pharmaceutical, nutraceuticals, as well as food processing and preservation industries. On the other hand, chemical composition of fish protein hydrolysates is significant in nutrition perspective of human health. Hence, in the present study proximate and amino acid compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Alburnus tarichi roe protein hydrolysate was estimated. Protein, lipid, moisture, and ash content were found to be 87.24±0.1, 0.72±0.04, 8.79±0.3, and 7.01±0.09%, respectively. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine and alanine were found to be the most dominant amino acids, whereas, cysteine was found to be the lowest amino acid in roe protein hydrolysate. The IC50 value of roe protein hydrolysate for DPPH radical and hydroxyl-radical scavenging activities were 54.33 μg/mL and 77.02 μg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of A. tarichi roe protein hydrolysate was analyzed, the optical density values of roe protein hydrolysate and gallic acid at 700 nm were 0.45±0.03 and 1.14±0.09, respectively. Roe protein hydrolysate had shown maximum zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.1±0.30 mm) followed by Salmonella enterica (10.7±0.46 ...
The protective role of ferulic acid against imidacloprid-induced oxidative stress in liver and brain of Cyprinus carpio
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
This study evaluated the potential protective effect of ferulic acid (FA) on stress induced by imidacloprid (IM) in Cyprinus carpio (mean weight 60.10±2.22 g). Therefore, C. carpio was exposed to sublethal IM concentration (2.80 mg/L) for 10 days. During the experimental period, fish were fed a basal (control) diet and a basal diet supplemented with 5 g/kg of ferulic acid. The fish were divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group). The control group was exposed to tap water (the absence of imidacloprid) fed with control diet. The FA group was exposed to tap water (the absence of IM) and was fed with FA supplemented diet. The liver and brain tissues of both control and treated fish were dissected. Tissues samples were obtained from an individual fish and prepared for analysis. The variations in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) with protein carbonyl (PCO) in liver and brain tissues of C. carpio were investigated in experimental groups. CAT activities were significantly increased whereas SOD activities were decreased in liver and brain tissues of treated fish by exposure to imidacloprid. Tissue MDA and PCO levels in the IM supplemented experimental groups were increased compared to the control. At the end of the experiment...
ORGANİK SU ÜRÜNLERİ
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Son yıllarda insanoğlu doğal ekosistemi yanlış ve bilinçsiz uygulamalar sonucu fazlaca tahrip etmiştir. Bunun sonucunda doğal kaynakların durumu, enerji sorunu, nüfus artışı, göç, kentleşme sorunları, tarım alanlarındaki sorunlar, sağlıklı-yeterli gıda üretimi sorunu, çevre kirliliği ve doğal dengenin bozulması gibi sorunlar üzerine organik-ekolojik-biyolojik tarım daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu amaçla doğa ile uyumlu, kaynakları doğru kullanan, sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı hedefleyen, hayvan refahını gözeten yeni tarımsal yaklaşımlar tüm dünyada yayılmaya başlamıştır. Organik tarım; ekolojik dengenin korunması, her türlü bitkisel, hayvansal ve su ürünleri üretimi ile kullanılacak girdilerin organik tarım metoduna uygun olarak üretilmesi veya temini, orman ve doğal alanlardan organik tarım ilkelerine uygun olarak ürün toplanması, bu ürünlerin işlenmesi, ambalajlanması, etiketlenmesi, depolanması, taşınması, pazarlanması, kontrolü, sertifikalandırılması ve denetimini amaçlayan, çevreye ve insan sağlığına zarar vermeyen modern tarımsal üretim tekniklerini kullanmayı kabul eden, her aşaması kontrollü, kayıtlı ve sertifikalı bir üretim şeklidir. Organik tarım gelişim göstererek kollara ayrılmış ve bunun sonucunda tarımsal üretimin bir kolu olan organik balıkçılık doğm...
Prophylactic efect of myricetin and apigenin against lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute liver injury
KARAYAKAR, FAHRİ | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Background: Liver has an important role in the initiation and progression of multiple organ failure that occurs in sepsis. Many natural active substances can be used to reduce the liver injury caused by sepsis. For this aim, the efects of myricetin and apigenin on mice model of acute liver injury was evaluated in this study. Methods and results: Thirty-six mice were randomly divided into six groups as; control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg/kg), LPS+myricetin (100 mg/kg), LPS+myricetin (200 mg/kg), LPS+apigenin (100 mg/kg), and LPS+apigenin (200 mg/kg) groups. Myricetin and apigenin were administered orally for 7 days, and LPS was administered intraperitoneally only on the 7th day of the study. 24 h after LPS application, all animals were sacrifced and serum biochemical parameters, histopathology and oxidative stress and infammation markers of liver tissue were examined. Myricetin and apigenin pre-treatments increased serum albumin and total protein levels, liver GSH level and catalase and SOD activities and decreased serum ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, CRP, total and direct bilirubin levels, liver MPO activity, MDA, NOx, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA levels, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, IκB, and IKK proteins but not p38, ERK, and JNK proteins in LPS-treate...
Roe protein hydrolysate of Alburnus tarichi induces apoptosis in breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells through a caspase-dependent pathway
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
The protein hydrolysates of fishes have been reported to be a potential source of many health benefits components for pharmaceutical or nutritional applications. The aim of this study is to examine the possible antiproliferative function of roe protein hydrolysates of Alburnus tarichi using enzymatic hydrolysis against breast cancer cells and explore its detailed mechanisms. In addition, we evaluated the effects of protein hydrolysate on the proliferation and apoptosis of two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The cultured cells were treated with protein hydrolysate at concentrations of 0−5 μg/ml for 24 h and 48 h. Inhibition of cell proliferation, percentage of apoptotic cells, cell cycle distribution, morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptotic protein levels were also examined. Decreases in proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were observed after treatment with the protein hydrolysate in a dose-dependent manner. Distinct morphological changes, a typical pattern of fragmented DNA, and increased intracellular ROS production and apoptotic protein levels were observed in both cell lines after hydrolysate treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggested that the protein hydrolysate inhibits t...
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Inulin on Growth Performance, Digestion Enzyme Activities and Antioxidant Status of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
ARZU HUNT ÖZLÜER | FERBAL ÖZKAN YILMAZ | SERAP YALIN
The present study investigated the effects of the prebiotic inulin on the growth parameters, digestive enzyme activities and antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). After acclimation, fish (34±0.22 g; n = 135) were assigned into 9 tanks (15 fish per tank) and triplicate groups were fed a control diet (G-0) or diets containing 1% (G-1) or 2% (G-2) inulin. At the end of the trial (8 weeks), growth factors (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), Economic conversion ratio (ECR), digestive enzyme activities (pepsin, trypsin, amylase and lipase) and antioxidant status superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of liver tissue were assessed. At the end of the study highest survival rate was observed in the fish fed with 1% G-1 inulin group. Similarly, digestive enzyme activities were significantly higher dietary G-1 group. Subsequently, elevated growth performance (final weight, SGR and FCR) was observed in trout fed with 1% compared to the control group. The effect of the dietary inulin on digestion was partly observed by assaying the activity of pepsin, intestinal amylase, trypsin and lipase. Apart from pepsin activity, results indicated that dietary suppleme...
Comparing the Effects of Feeding a Fish Oil- or a Cod Liver Oil -Based Diet on Growth, Feed Utilization and Muscle Fatty Acid Composition Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | Yılmaz, Ferbal Özkan
The present study was conducted to study the effect of fish oil (FO) and cod liver oil (CLO) as the dietary lipid sources on the growth performance, feed utilization and fatty acid (FA) composition of Oreochromis niloticus. Two isonitrogenous (38% crude protein), isocaloric (18.9 MJ GE/kg) diets containing 8% lipid were formulated. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 17 fish with a mean initial body weight of 18.18 ± 0.02 g. Fish were fed with %3 of their body weight two twice daily. The fish were kept at 28±1 °C in 6 square experimental cages (1×1×1.25 m) for 60 days. Results revealed that the source of lipid significantly affect (P
Investigation of Glutathion S-Transferase, Adenosine deaminase, Paraoxonase Activities in Liver of Oncorhynchus mykiss Fed with Nucleotide-Yeast Supplemented Diet
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
In this study, it was evaluated Glutathione S transferase (GST), Adenosine deaminase (ADA), and paraoxonase (PON) activities in liver tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss fed with nucleotide yeast base protein supplemented diet. Throughout the 60-day period the control group was fed a fish meal based basal diet, and three other groups were fed diets in which 20% (NP 20), 40% (NP 40) and 60% (NP 60) fish meal was substituted with nucleotide (Nu-Pro® (NP) yeast). At the end of experiment, liver tissue GST, PON and ADA activity was increased significantly (P
Effects of Fenbutatin Oxide on Antioxidant System of Different Tissues in Cyprinus Carpio (L., 1758)
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YALIN, SERAP
In this study, effects of sublethal concentrations of fenbutatin oxide on catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation in muscle, liver, kidney and brain tissues of Cyprinus carpio were investigated. The 96-hours LC50 value for fenbutatin oxide was determined as 1.544 mg/L for C. carpio in this study. 0.15 mg/L (1/10 of LC50) and 0.30 mg/L (1/5 of LC50) sublethal concentrations were applied for 96 h (4 days) in this experiment. The CAT activities in tissues were increased relation to doses applied. The SOD activities were decreased by 0.30 mg/L. The tissue MDA levels were significantly increased in relation to dose applied.
OrganikAsitler ve Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinde Kullanımı
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Organik asitlerin su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde, fonksiyonel yem katkı maddeleri olarak kullanılmasının öngörülebilir gelecekte belirgin bir şekilde artacağı düşünülmektedir. Dünya su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin sürekli genişlemesi, büyük bir pazar potansiyeli oluşturmaktadır. Bununla birlikte küresel ısınmanın bir sonucu olarak, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde hastalık salgınlarında artma tehlikesi, önemli bir problem olarak ortaya çıkabilecektir. Birçok ülkede antibiyotik kullanımına ilişkin yasaklar veya kısıtlama uygulamaları bulunmaktadır. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde, antibiyotiklere karşı uygulanabilir bir alternatif olarak organik asitlerin kullanımının uygunluğunu, yapılan çalışmalar ile ortaya konulmaktadır. Organik asitler, antimikrobiyal özelliklerinden dolayı zararlı bakterilerin çoğalmasını engelleyerek, hayvanların gastrointestinal sisteminde yararlı bakterilerin büyümesini teşvik ederek, hayvanların sağlığını iyileştirme özelliklerini göstermektedirler. Yapılan çalışmalar, organik asitlerin fonksiyonel yem katkı maddeleri olarak, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği endüstrisinde sürdürülebilir bir sağlık yönetimi programının bir parçası olarak kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymaktadır. The use of organic acids as functional food additives in aquaculture is expected to inc...
Organik ve İnorganik Selenyum Katkılı Yemlerle Beslenen Oreochromis niloticus ‘da Antioksidan ve İmmün Sistem Parametrelerinin Araştırılması
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | DELİOĞLAN, ŞANSER
Bu çalışmada organik (Sel-Plex®-2000, Alltech, USA) ve inorganik selenyum (Na2SeO3.5H2O -Sodyum selenite pentahydrate-FLUCA) ilaveli yem ile beslenen Oreochromis niloticus’un karaciğer antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ve immünsistem parametreleri araştırılmıştır. Ortalama ağırlıkları 12,62 ± 0,11 g olan balıklar, 5 farklı uygulama grubu (Kontrol; Org1,5; Org3,0; İnorg1,5; İnorg3,0) olacak şekilde akvaryumlara yerleştirilmiş ve 75 gün beslenmişlerdir. Deneme süresi sonunda karaciğer katalaz (CAT), süperoksit dismutaz (SDO), glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), lizozim (LYZ) ve miyeloperoksidaz (MPO) aktiviteleri ile malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi ve kas selenyum seviyeleri belirlenmiştir. Karaciğer antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ve immünsistem parametreleri Se gruplarında kontrol grubuna oranla artmıştır. Kas dokusu Se düzeyi Se ilaveli tüm gruplarda kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında göre önemli oranda artmıştır. 3mg/kg organik selenyumla beslenen balıklarda, kas selenyum seviyeleri diğergruplara oranla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. In this study, antioxidant enzyme activities and immun system parameters of liver tissue of Oreochromis niloticusfed with organic (Sel-Plex®-2000, Alltech, USA) and inorganic selenium (Na2SeO3.5H2O -Sodium selenite pentahydrate-FLUCA) supplemented feed were investigate...
Effects of Dietary Nucleotide Yeast on Immune Responses and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Rainbow Trout Juveniles (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | ENGİN, KENAN | YALIN, SERAP
This study aimed at demonstrating the effects of dietary supplementation of nucleotide yeast base protein (Nu-Pro®) (NP) on the antioxidant enzyme activities and immune response in liver and blood tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with an average initial weight of 27.75±0.26 g were randomly assigned to four groups with three replicates. Throughout the 60 day grow-out period the control group was fed a fish meal based basal diet, and three other groups were fed diets in which 20 (NP 20), 40 (NP 40) and 60 % (NP 60) fish meal was substituted with nucleotide (Nu-Pro® (NP) yeast). There were no significant changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in liver among the experimental groups. A significant decrease (P
Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinde Prebiyotikler ve Önemi
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN
Dünya yetiştiricilik sektörü son yıllarda hızla büyümektedir. Artan üretim miktarına bağlı olarak yetiştiricilik yöntemleri ve yetiştiricilik teknikleri de gelişmektedir. Yetiştiricilik de kullanılan metotların gelişmesiyle birlikte su kirliliği artmakta, balıklarda stres oluşmakta, yem kalitesi azalmakta ve su içerisinde bulunan bakteri, parazit ve virüslerin hastalık etkisi çoğalmakta ve büyümeyi baskılamaktadır. Bu yüzden son yıllarda balık sağlığını iyileştirmek amacıyla prebiyotik gibi alternatif maddelerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Prebiyotik madde, sindirilemeyen besin içerikleridir ve vücuda alındığında yararlı bazı bakterilerin kolon içerisinde gelişimini teşvik eder. Bu derlemede, bazı prebiyotiklerin potansiyel etkileri ve yetiştiricilik açısından önemi vurgulanmıştır. The world aquaculture industry shows a rapid increase in production recently. Depending on production methods, culture techniques and culture methods are also developing. With developing culture methods, decrease of water quality, increase of stress, decrease of food quality, increase bacterial, viral or parasite infections can suppress on growth. Lately the use of alternative materials such as prebiotics widespread to improve the health of the fish. A prebiotic is a non-digestible food ...
The Effects of Balanced Diets with Soy Bean Extract or Meat and Bone meal on Muscle and Liver Tissue Protein and Glycogen Levels of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Infected with Vibrio anguillarum
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | ENGİN, KENAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
This study investigated the effects of balanced diets with solvent extracted soy bean and meat and bone meal on the levels of protein and glycogen in muscle and liver tissues of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) infected with Vibrio anguillarum. Compared to the control diet (fishmeal only), diets with solvent extracted soy bean (SBM) and meat and bone meal (MBM) significantly lowered (P
Mersin merkezindeki akvaryum sektörünün genel profili'nin çıkarılması üzerine bir çalışma.
Hunt, Arzu Özlüer
Bu çalışmada, Mersin ili merkezindeki akvaryum işletmelerinin, profilleri çıkarılarak genel durumları hakkında değerlendirmeler yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, Mersin merkezinde kurulmuş olan toplam işletme sayısının 23 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Akvaryum işletmelerinin% 11, 5’inin ticaret ortaklığı bulunmaktadır.% 88, 5’inin ise şahıs işletmesi olduğu belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin 17 tanesi Esnaf ve Sanatkârlar Odası’na, 4 işletme Sanayi ve Ticaret Odasına kayıtlı ve 2 işletme ise herhangi bir odaya kayıtlı değildir. Akvaryum işletmelerin sahiplerinin% 12, 5’si üniversite mezunu iken,% 47, 5’i lise mezunu% 40’ı ise ilköğretim mezunudur. Akvaryum işletmelerinde% 95 erkek personel var iken bunların sadece% 5’i kadın personeldir. Akvaryum işletmelerinin% 91, 3’ü anlaşmalı veterinerleri var iken 23 işletmenin hiç birinde Su Ürünleri Mühendisi çalışmamaktadır veya bu işi yapanların mesleği bu sektörden değildir. Akvaryum işletmelerinde% 70 beyaz benek ve mantar hastalıkları görülmüştür. Akvaryum işletmelerinin% 43, 7’sinde akvaryum bitkisi de pazarlanmaktadır. Akvaryum işletmelerinin% 34, 9’u teknik ve ekonomik sorunlarının bulunduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Akvaryum sektörünün en büyük sorunlarından biri kaçak balık satışları ve vergilerin fazla olması olarak belirtilmişt...
Effects of dietary selenium of organic form against lead toxicity on the antioxidant system in Cyprinus carpio
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YALIN, SERAP
In this study was evaluated potential protective effect of organic selenium (Se) on heavy metal stress induced by lead (Pb) in Cyprinus carpio. For this reason, C. carpio was exposed to sublethal concentration of Pb (1.5 mg/L Pb(NO3)2) for 14 days. The fish were fed a basal (control; measured 0.55 mg/kg Se) diet or a basal diet supplemented with 2.50 mg/kg (measured 2.92 mg/kg Se) organic Se (Sel-Plex®) during the experiment period. The variations in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) with malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver and brain tissues of C. carpio were investigated in experimental groups. GSH levels in liver and brain tissues were significantly decreased by exposure to Pb. GST activity was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in liver tissue, but decreased in brain of treated fish by exposure to Pb. Also, GSH-Px activity was significantly increased in liver tissue, but decreased in brain of Pb-treated fish. Levels of MDA were increased in liver and brain of Pb-treated fish. The organic Se treatment for Pb-intoxicated animals improved activities of GSH-Px, GST and levels of MDA within normal limits. Supplemented Se could be able to improve Pb-induced oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation...
The effects of fish meal replacement by yeast based nucleotides on growth body composition and digestive enzyme activity in rainbow trout juveniles Oncorhynchus mykiss
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | ENGİN, KENAN | YALIN, SERAP | ŞAHİN, NEFİSE ÖZLEN
This 60 day study investigated the effects of organically certified nucleotide yeast-derived protein source (Nu-Pro®) on growth, feed efficiency, fillet proximate composition and digestive enzymes in rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss). Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Three experimental diets wherein 20%, 40% and 60% of the fish meal content was replaced by Nu-Pro®, were compared to the control diet in which the crude protein content was anchovy fish meal and corn gluten meal. The rainbow trout (initial weight 27 g/fish) were fed twice daily in 200-l Aqaria. Live weight gain increase ranged from 125-195% in fish fed the experimental diets. Results indicated that up to 40% fish meal protein can be replaced by Nu-Pro® without compromising growth rates, feed efficiency or the fillet biochemical composition in the rainbow trout. The effect of the dietary Nu-Pro® supplementation on digestion was partly observed by assaying the activity of pepsin, intestinal amylase, trypsin and lipase. Apart from amylase activity, results indicated that dietary supplementation of nucleotides is beneficial and may also have differential effects upon digestive enzyme activities.
The protective role of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) against chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in Oreochromis niloticus
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YALIN SERAP
Ability of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to attenuate oxidative damage was evaluated in liver and brain tissues of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) experimentally exposed to sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos (CPF). O. niloticus was exposed to sublethal concentrations of CPF at 12 μg/L (CPF1) and 24 μg/L (CPF2) for 96 h. The fish of vitamin C (Vit C) and CPF2 + Vit C groups were fed with Vit C supplemented diet (200 mg Vit C/100 g feed). A significant increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) level (P < 0.05) was observed in brain of CPF-exposed fish although liver TBARS level was not changed compared to control group. This result showed that lipid peroxidation (LPO) was elevated in brain of fish exposed to CPF. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and brain tissues was significantly elevated (P < 0.05) by exposure to CPF1 and CPF2. Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in liver but decreased in brain of treated fish by CPF2 concentration. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased in liver, but increased in brain by exposure to CPF1 and CPF2 concentrations. Levels of TBARS were increased in brain of CPF-treated animals, but tended to decrease by the effect of Vit C. Vit C treatment for CPF-intoxicated animals n...
Effect of Mannan Oligosaccharide on Growth Body Composition and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | YALIN, SERAP
The effects of three inclusion levels of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of a select strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Bio-Mos, Alltech Inc, USA) on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and antioxidant enzyme activity of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were determined. Specimens (12 g) were fed a commercial diet supplemented with 0‰, 2.5‰, 3.5‰, or 4.5‰ dietary MOS for 60 days. Food conversion rates (FCR), specific growth rates (SGR), and the biochemical composition of muscle tissue were determined. Growth was greatest, protein was highest, and lipid was lowest in fish fed the 2.5‰ MOS diet. The FCR was significantly better in all MOS-treated groups than in the unsupplemented control. At the end of the study, antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver and muscle tissue was generally higher in the supplemented diets than in the control and significantly higher in the 4.5‰ treatment. Oxidative damage due to lipid peroxidation (LPO) was assessed by formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC), both of which were significantly lower in liver tissue in all MOS-supplemented diets than in the control.
Induction of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, following exposure to sublethal cadmium doses
YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
The genotoxic effects of sublethal doses of cadmium in peripheral erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus was investigated using micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NAs) tests. For this reason, the fish were exposed to medium changes of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L doses of cadmium (Cd) during an average treatment period of 10 days. On the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 10th days of the test period, the erythrocytes, including the micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities such as lobbed nuclei (LB), blebbed nuclei (BL), and notched nuclei (NT), were counted and pointed out. As a positive control, a 4 mg/L dose of cyclophosphamide was used. Exposure to doses of cadmium caused significantly increased (P < 0.05) micronuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of fish. It was also observed that the application of a 1.0 mg/L dose of Cd produced more of an effect on MN frequencies than the application of a 0.5 mg/L dose. The maximum frequencies of MN were recorded on the fourth day of the experiment period. Exposure to doses of cadmium caused significantly increased (P < 0.05) NA (LB, BL, and NT) frequencies and, as with the MN results, the 1.0 mg/L dose of Cd had more of an effect than the 0.5 mg/L dose on NA frequencies. The maximum frequencies of NAs were recorded on the fourth day of the experiment. ...
Effects of Organic Selenium on Growth, Muscle Composition, and Antioxidant System in Rainbow Trout
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | YALIN, SERAP
This experiment was conducted to understand the effects of organic selenium on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish (33.47±0.15 g; n = 216) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups consisting of three replicates of 18 fish each in 100 x 100 x 125 cm cages. The fish were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2, 3, or 4 mg/kg organic Se (Sel-Plex®) supplementation for 8 weeks. Muscle of fish fed the unsupplemented control diet had a lower (p
The effects of freshwater rearing on the whole body and muscle tissue fatty acid profile of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER | YILMAZ, FERBAL ÖZKAN | ENGİN, KENAN
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of freshwater rearing on the fatty acid profiles of the whole body and muscle tissue of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Half of initial fish were gradually acclimated to freshwater (FW) kept at the same temperature to salt water and grown in same conditions as their counterparts in saltwater (SW). The decrease in salinity caused an increase in the percentages of 18:1n − 9, 24:1n − 9, 18:3n − 3, 18:2n − 6 and decrease in the percentages of 14:0, 15:0, 20:0, 21:0, 20:5n − 3 and 22:6n − 3 both in the whole body and in the muscle tissue fatty acid profiles. The lipids of FW-reared fish contained significantly (P < 0.01) higher percentages of 18:2n − 6 and 18:3n − 6 than that of SW-reared fish. However, percentages of 20:5n − 3 and 22:6n − 3 fatty acids decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with those of salt water-reared European sea bass. There was a clear trend of decrement in the percentages of n − 3 PUFA fatty acids due to the decrease in water salinity. However, the percentages of n − 6 PUFA fatty acids were also increased with the decrease in water salinity. We concluded that the FW acclimation is followed by changes in certain lipid classes of sea bass muscle tissue and whole body samples. n − 3/n − 6 ...
Effects of Dietary L-carnitine Supplementation on Growth, Muscle Fatty acid Composition and Economic Profit of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
In this study, the effect of dietary L-carnitine on growth, proximate and muscle fatty acid compositions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. The fish were fed with diets containing 300 mg kg-1 L-carnitine (LC300), other group was fed with diets containing 600 mg kg-1 L-carnitine (LC600) and control group was not supplementary L-carnitine for 63 days. The weight gain of LC600 fed with L-carnitine supplemented was found to be 7.73% higher than in control group. Feed conversion ratio in LC600 (1.66) and LC300 (1.60) is better than in control group (2.00). L-carnitine supplemented groups would be lower cost of production than control. Economic conversion ratio (ECR) of LC300 (2.71 US.$ kg-1) would represent a saving of 0.44 US.$ kg-1 compared to the control. L-carnitine administration did not affect proximate composition of muscle except for protein percent. Protein content of L-carnitine supplemented groups was higher than control group. Total saturated monounsaturated and polyunsaturated muscle fatty acid content increased by L-carnitine supplementation in rainbow trout. The results indicate that supplementation of 600 mg L-carnitine/kg diet is more effective on growth than the other L-carnitine supplementation level 300 mg kg -1 and control diet in ...
The use of alfalfa Medicago sativa as a natural carotenoid source in diets of goldfish Carassius auratus
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
his study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets including 0, 5, 10, 15, 25, and 40% alfalfa meals (containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 100, and 160 mg total carotenoids/kg diet, respectively) and 60 mg apo-ester, a synthetic carotenoid/kg diet on skin pigmentation, growth, feed utilization and survival of a red variety of goldfish, Carassius auratus, with average initial weight of 10.3 g, for a rearing period of 60 days. The pigmentation degree in skin of goldfish increased significantly with increasing inclusion of alfalfa up to 25% level in the diet (P < 0.05). However, the alfalfa inclusion over that level did not lead to more total carotenoid accumulation in the skin of fish. The diets including apo-ester and 15% alfalfa, both of which contained 60 mg carotenoid/kg diet, had similar effects on total carotenoid deposition in the skin of fish. Alfalfa addition of 25% or higher in the diet had an adverse effect on growth of fish compared to the control group (P < 0.05). A similar phenomenon was observed in feed conversion ratio but at the 40% alfalfa inclusion level (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the survival of the fish. The present results demonstrate that alfalfa can be successfully used as an alternative natural carotenoid source to the synthet...
Effect of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth and Body Fatty Acid Composition of Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax L. 1758
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
This study was carried out in Yumurtalik Marine Research Station, University of Cukurova in Turkey. In this study was aimed to determine the effects of different levels of soybean oil and fish oil on growth and body fatty acid composition of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Initial mean body weights of test subjects were 4.80±0.25 g. The fish were housed within experimental, 210 l of experimental fiberglass tanks (20 fish/tank). Fish of all groups were fed on five different levels feed a 105 day period. The fish group fed with Diet 1 (12% Fish Oil = FO) followed by Diet 5 (12% Soybean Oil = SBO) showed the highest growth performance. In this study saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid changes in all groups were significant (p>0.05). On the basis of these results it can be concluded that soybean oil could be used as a partial dietary substitute for fish oil within compound feeds for sea bass.
Transition of wild-caught juvenile pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (Bogustkaya and Naseka, 1996) to dry feed using different types of food.
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Wild-caught juvenile pikeperch (Sander lucioperca [Stizostedion lucioperca]; 6.21±0.38 g and 7.80±0.24 cm) were offered different types of food and tested for their transition to dry feed. Eight groups (including control) were fed according to the experimental feeding regime for 28 days. Group A (control) was fed with live Gambusia affinis fries alone. As initial feeding (the first 7 days of the experiment) before transition to dry feed, groups B, C and D were offered live food, whereas groups E and F were offered moist feed (minced bait shrimp meat and minced fish meat, respectively). Groups G and H were offered semi-moist feed (a mixture of fish meat + dry feed and a mixture of bait shrimp meat + dry feed, respectively). To determine their preferences and acceptance of different feeds, some growth parameters were calculated for each group. The pikeperch in this size consumed all experimental diets, and direct transition to dry feed could be achieved successfully after 7 days of initial feeding with live food. The best weight gain was in group A fed with live food alone (5.26±0.11 g; p
Effects of Clove Oil and Eugenol on Anaesthesia and Some Hematological Parameters of European Eel Anguilla anguilla, L., 1758
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
To investigate anaesthetic and some hematological effects of clove oil and eugenol for European eel, Anguilla anguilla, L., 1758, 0.0, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.075 mlll of clove oil or 0.0, 2.250, 3.375 and 4.500 mlll of eugenol were applied to fish (80.9528.94 g). After fish was anaesthetized, half of fishes from each group were transferred into recovery tanks (to clean water), whereas, other half was retained there for next 48h. Induction time ranged between 3 and 5 min for clove oil and 2 and 5 min for eugenol. Fish reached to slh anaesthesia stage in all experimental groups except control and the lowest concentration group of both anaesthetics. Reaching the fish to 8th stage of recovery took 60 min in all groups. Opercular rates of fish in test groups of clove oil and eugonal decreased slightly. During the study no mortality was observed. WBC counts decreased (PcO.O5), but RBC counts, hematocrit value and glucose level increased by increasing dose (Pc0.05). It is conclused that 0.050 ml 11 of clove oil or 3.375 ml 11 of eugenol can be accepted suitable to anaesthetize European eel of this size.
Farklı Oranlarda Yonca Unu (Medicago sativas) İçeren Karma Yemlerle Beslenen Ot Sazanı (Ctenopharyngodan idella)’nın Büyüme ve Gelişme Parametrelerinin Saptanması”
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Bu çalımada, farklı oranlarda yonca unu (Medicago sativas) içeren diyetlerle beslenen ot sazanı (Ctenopharyngodan idella)’nın büyümesi üzerine etkileri aratırılmıtır. Çalımada ortalama canlı aırlıkları 5.320.17 g olan balıklar kullanılmıtır. Balıklar; 60 gün boyunca %10, 15, 25, 40 ve 60 yonca unu içeren diyetler ile kontrol yemiyle beslenmilerdir. Deneme sonunda %10, 15, 25, 40 ve 60 yonca unu ilaveli yemlerle beslenen balıkların canlı aırlık ortalamaları sırasıyla 11.200.24, 11.540.36, 10.650.39, 9.530.54, 8.440.06 g olurken, kontrol grubunda bu deer 11.560.02 olarak bulunmutur. Denemenin ilk üç grubundan elde edilen deerler, kontrol grubuyla karılatırılınca benzer sonuçlar elde edilmitir (p
Effects of betaine on acclimination of tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) to the sea water
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
2025-09-19
Farklı Oranlarda Yonca Unu (Medicago sativas) İçeren Karma Yemlerle Beslenen Ot Sazanı (Ctenopharyngodan idella)’nın Büyüme ve Gelişme Parametrelerinin Saptanması”,
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Bu çalımada, farklı oranlarda yonca unu (Medicago sativas) içeren diyetlerle beslenen ot sazanı (Ctenopharyngodan idella)’nın büyümesi üzerine etkileri aratırılmıtır. Çalımada ortalama canlı aırlıkları 5.320.17 g olan balıklar kullanılmıtır. Balıklar; 60 gün boyunca %10, 15, 25, 40 ve 60 yonca unu içeren diyetler ile kontrol yemiyle beslenmilerdir. Deneme sonunda %10, 15, 25, 40 ve 60 yonca unu ilaveli yemlerle beslenen balıkların canlı aırlık ortalamaları sırasıyla 11.200.24, 11.540.36, 10.650.39, 9.530.54, 8.440.06 g olurken, kontrol grubunda bu deer 11.560.02 olarak bulunmutur. Denemenin ilk üç grubundan elde edilen deerler, kontrol grubuyla karılatırılınca benzer sonuçlar elde edilmitir (p
Seyhan Nehri’nin kollarından birini oluşturan Sarıçam Deresi’nin fizikokimyasal ve bakteriyolojik özellikleri
HUNT, ARZU ÖZLÜER
Bu araştırma, Adana bölgesinde, Seyhan Nehri’nin önemli kollarından biri olan Sarıçam Deresi’nin bazı su kalitesi özelliklerinin düzeyinin belirlenmesi için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sarıçam Deresi’nin fizikokimyasal ve bakteriyolojik yönden kirliliğinin araştırılarak kirlilik parametrelerinin aylık değişimlerini incelemektir. Çalışma süresince çözünmüş oksijen, pH, sıcaklık, elektriksel iletkenlik, KOİ, BOİ5, amonyak azotu, nitrat azotu, nitrit azotu, sülfat, fosfat, fekal ve toplam koliform gibi su kalite parametreleri araştırılmıştır. Sonuçta Sarıçam Deresi’nin evsel ve endüstriyel atıklarla yoğun olarak kirletildiği, doğal su özelliğini tümüyle kaybettiği bulunmuştur. Özellikle yaz aylarında derenin ana kaynağını oluşturan su sızıntılarının büyük bir bölümünün kuruduğu ve dereye büyük ölçüde kanalizasyon karıştığı saptanmıştır.