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Applied Fruit Science Erwerbs-Obstbau6
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Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry5
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Journal of Molecular Structure4
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Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca3
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Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy2
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Folia Horticulturae2
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Plants2
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African Journal of Biotechnology1
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Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters1
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Bioorganic Chemistry1
Bioactive compounds and physical attributes of Cornus mas genotypes through multivariate approaches
Demir, Bünyamin
Cornelian cherry fruits are quite rich in bioactive compounds. Natural colour, rich flavonoids and anthocyanins and high antioxidant activity have made the fruits a natural drug. In the present study, antioxidant activity, total flavonoids and total phenolics of naturally growing 18 cornelian cherry genotypes with different phenotypic characteristics were determined. Size and shape parameters of the genotypes were also determined with the image-processing method; sphericity, elongation and shape index were calculated and shapes of two-dimensional fruit images were compared with elliptic Fourier analysis. Antioxidant activity, total flavonoid contents and total phenolic amounts of the genotypes were varied between 55.062 and 152.420 mmol TE · kg−1, 286.40 and 2,882.80 mg QE · kg−1, and 2,64...
Prediction of Physical Parameters of Pumpkin Seeds Using Neural Network
Demir, Bünyamin
The design of the machines and equipment used in harvest and post-harvest processing should be compatible with the physical, mechanical and rheological characteristics of the fruits and vegetables. In machine design for agricultural products, several characteristics of relevant products and seeds should be known ahead. Designers can either measure all these design parameters one by one, or they may use intelligent systems to estimate such parameters. Neural networks (NNs) are new computational tools that provide a quick and accurate means of physical properties prediction of agricultural materials, and have been shown to perform well in comparison with traditional methods. In this research, some physical properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds, including linear dimensions, volume, ...
Morphological Characteristics of Grapevine Cultivars and Closed Contour Analysis with Elliptic Fourier Descriptors
Demir, Bünyamin
Morphology is the most visible and distinct character of plant organs and is accepted as one of the most important tools for plant biologists, plant breeders and growers. A number of methods based on plant morphology are applied to discriminate in particular close cultivars. In this study, image processing analysis was used on 20 grape cultivars (“Amasya beyazı“, “Antep karası“, “Bahçeli karası”, “Çavuş“, “Cevşen“, “Crimson“, “Dimrit“, “Erenköy beyazı“, “Hafızali“, “Karaşabi“, “Kırmızı“, “İzabella (Isabella) “, “Morşabi“, “Müşgüle“, “Nuniya“, “Royal“, “Sultani çekirdeksiz (Sultanina)“, “Yalova incisi“, “Yerli beyazv“, “Yuvarlak çekirdeksiz“) to classify them. According to image processing analysis, the longest and the greatest projected area values were observed in “Antep karası“ cultivar....
Effectiveness of Different Weed Management Methods in Silage Maize (Zea mays L.) and Effect on Yield
Demir, Bünyamin
In this study, the determination of the effect of band herbicide, hoeing, brushing and flaming methods that has been used especially row crops on weed management on the parameters of weed management and yield in silage maize has been aimed. Tillage, seed bed preparation, planting and fertilization were applied at the all area of experiment plots with the same method weed management tool and machines have been run at three different ground speeds. After application the number of weeds in the experimental areas were determined using the framework with 0.5 m2 and compared with the control plots. The best weed control in the weed management areas was determined in the lowest ground speed of Band Herbicide Method with a value of 79% in the 1st year and 81% in the 2nd year. The speed increasing ...
Physical characteristics of cherry (Prunus avium) varieties and shape analysis with the elliptic Fourier method
Demir, Bünyamin
Knowing the physical properties of biological products is of great importance in terms of developing harvesting technologies, innovating crop processing technologies and determining product drying properties. The aim of this study was to determine the dimensional and shape attributes of two different cherry types (‘10-5’ and ‘10-22’) and six different cherry varieties (‘Ferbolus Verdel’, ‘Lapins’, ‘Merton Late’, ‘Noir de Guben’, ‘Starks Gold’ and ‘Telegal’) and to put forth the differences and similarities of cherry varieties. For dimensional parameters, the greatest averages were observed in ‘10-22’ type and smallest averages were observed in ‘Telegal’ variety. Dimension properties of ‘Merton Late’, ‘Noir de Guben’ and ‘Starks Gold’ varieties were similar. ‘Telegal’ variety had the greate...
New bis- and tetrakis-1,2,3-triazole derivatives: Synthesis, DNA cleavage, molecular docking, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and acid dissociation constants
Nural, Yahya | Özdemir, Sadin | Yalçın, Mustafa Serkan | Demir, Bünyamin
In this study, a series of bis– and tetrakis–1,2,3–triazole derivatives were synthesized using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry in 73–95% yield. The bis– and tetrakis–1,2,3–triazoles exhibited significant DNA cleavage activity while the tetrakis–1,2,3–triazole analog 6g completely degraded the plasmid DNA. Molecular docking simulations suggest that compound 6g acts as minor groove binder of DNA by binding through several noncovalent interactions with base pairs. All bis- and tetrakis–1,2,3-triazole derivatives were screened for antibacterial activity against E. coli, B. cereus, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. hirae, L. pneumophila subsp. pneumophila strains and antifungal activity against microfungus C. albicans and C. tropicalis strains. Compound 4d exhibit...
Low cost measurement setup based on a piezoelectric microphone for estimating apple bruising using Shannon entropy
Demir, Bünyamin
This study presents a low cost measurement setup for estimating apple bruise volume during drop impact tests. The proposed measurement system consists of three main stages namely recording impact sound, signal processing, and estimating bruise volume. In the recording stage, the impact sound occurred when striking the apple on the surface was recorded by a piezoelectric microphone into computer. The impact sound was converted into Shannon entropy signals based on the Kernel density approach, and two measurable quantities namely entropy peak and pulse-width time were extracted from Shannon entropy signals in the signal processing stage. In the bruise volume estimating stage, the regression curves that map entropy peak and pulse-width features into bruise volume are estimated using measureme...
Biochemical composition and shape-dimensional traits of rosehip genotypes
Demir, Bünyamin | Alkaya, Günseli Bobuş
In the present study, the biochemical composition and shape and dimensional traits of 25 rosehip (Rosa canina) genotypes were investigated. The shape and dimensional traits were determined by image processing technique. Seed-propagated rosehip genotypes belonging to R. canina were collected from the natural flora of Mesudiye (Ordu) and Talas (Kayseri) districts. Antioxidant activity (39.510–72.673 mmol · kg−1), total flavonoids (287.80–1,686.20 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) · kg−1) and total phenolics (38,519.40–79,080.60 mg gallic acid equivalent · kg−1) of the genotypes exhibited large variations. Width (12.2 mm) and thickness (12.5 mm) of fruits averages were found to be close to each other. The genotypes exhibited fruit lengths between 12.0 mm and 29.5 mm. Average projected area at hori...
Prediction of Walnut Mass Based on Physical Attributes by Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Demir, Bünyamin
Several researchers have investigated the relationships among different physical attributes of the fruits. For proper design and operation of grading systems, important relationships among the mass and other properties of fruits such as length, width, thickness, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area, volume, projected area, shape index, aspect ratio and elongations must be known. Recent researches have focused on artificial neural network (ANN) approaches to predict hard-to-find attributes of the fruits from easily-determined and readily available values. In this study, Modular Neural Network (MNN) and Radial Basis Neural Network (RBNN) structures of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were employed to predict walnut mass from the physical attributes of th...
Shape Discrimination of Almond Cultivars by Elliptic Fourier Descriptors
Demir, Bünyamin
Knowledge is required about shape and size features of almonds before the design of machines, equipment and systems used in harvest and postharvest processes such as classifying, drying, packaging, grading, transportation and quality assessments of almonds. Such attributes are also required for assessing consumer preferences, cultivar registration, security of plant variety rights, investigating heritability and analyzing shape abnormalities. In present study, seven almond cultivars (‘Bertina’, ‘Ferragnes’, ‘Ferradual’, ‘Ferrostar’, ‘Glorieta’, ‘Lauranne’ and ‘Marta’) grown in Turkey were used in order to determine the longitudinal, surface and gravitational features and to compare their shapes with elliptic Fourier descriptors. ‘Bertina’, ‘Glorieta’ and ‘Ferragnes’ had the greatest longit...
New naphthoquinone thiazole hybrids as carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis, crystal structure, molecular docking, and acid dissociation constant
Efeoğlu, Çağla | Selçuk, Özge | Demir, Bünyamin | Nural, Yahya
In this study, N-[3-(3-amino-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)-4-R-thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-2,6-difluorobenzamide derivatives as new 1,4-naphthoquinone thiazole hybrids were synthesized by reacting of N-[(3-amino-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)carbamothioyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide with various α-bromoketones in 76–92% yields. Their molecular structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS, and the stereochemistry of one of the hybrids was determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction study. These synthesized new compounds (3a–e) were found to be effective inhibitor molecules for cholinesterases (butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)), and carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and hCA II) enzymes. KI values were found to be in the range...
Study on crystallographic and electronic structure of micrometre-scale ZnO and ZnO:B rods via X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy
Erat, Selma | Yıldırımcan, Saadet
X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectra were recorded to investigate the electronic structure and local crystal structure of ZnO and ZnO:B powders produced via hydrothermal synthesis. ZnO and ZnO:B grow as micrometre-scale rods with hexagonal shape, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The number of broken ZnO:B rods increases with increasing B concentration, as observed in the images, due to B atoms locating in between the Zn and O atoms which weakens and/or breaks the Zn–O bonds. However, no disorder within the crystallographic structure of ZnO upon B doping is observed from X-ray diffraction results, which were supported by EXAFS results. To determine the atomic locations of boron atoms in the crysta...
4E analysis of an underfloor heating system integrated to the geothermal heat pump for greenhouse heating
Ünal, Fatih | Demir, Bünyamin | Yaman, Kaan
In this study, 4E (energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental) analysis of an underfloor heating system integrated with the geothermal heat pump of a greenhouse with a usage area of 90 m2 has been made. When the results of the 4E analysis applied to the system and its elements were examined, the energy efficiency of the heating system in the winter months has been determined to be 77.85% and the exergy efficiency 30.61%. According to the results of exergoeconomic analysis, the levelized energy cost of the system has been determined as 0.894 dollar/h, the unit exergy cost as 0.826 dollar/h, and the exergoeconomic factor value as 51.12%. According to the results of the exergoenvironmental analysis, the part-based environmental impact of the system was 0.0910 mPts/s, the environm...
Multivariate Analysis Approaches for Dimension and Shape Discrimination of Vitis vinifera Varieties
Demir, Bünyamin
In this study, berry dimensions and shape traits, which are important for the design of the grape processing system and the classification of 10 different grape varieties grown in same ecological conditions (‘Ata Sarısı’, ‘Barış’, ‘Dımışkı’, ‘Hatun Parmağı’, ‘Helvani’, ‘Horoz Karası’, ‘Hönüsü’, ‘İtalia’, ‘Mevlana Sarısı’, and ‘Red Globe’) were determined; differences between the varieties were identified with the use of discriminant analysis. The largest grape varieties were identified as ‘Ata Sarısı’ and ‘Red Globe’. The ‘Red Globe’ and ‘Helvani’ varieties had geometrically sphere-like shape. The ‘Barış’ variety had the lowest size averages. According to elliptic Fourier analysis, the primary source of shape variation was ellipse and sphere-looking varieties. However, shape variation was ...
Comparison of energy transition of Turkey and Germany: energy policy, strengths/weaknesses and targets
Telli, Azime | Erat, Selma | Demir, Bünyamin
In present study, energy transition from fossil-based to renewable energy of Turkey was compared with Germany, which is one of the world leaders, in order to analyze for which points Germany is a good model for Turkey. The renewable energy policies, strengths/weakness and targets of Germany and Turkey were examined and compared. Germany has the 4th largest economy whereas Turkey, which is a developing country has the 18th largest economy in of the world. Germany declared to have the renewable energy in the energy mix by 65% in 2030 and set the long-term targets as: to reach at least 60% of final energy and 80% of electricity consumption from renewable sources by the year 2050. Turkey is expected to reach ~ 63 GW installed renewables in 2023, which was 42 GW. Germany and Turkey have similar...
Comparison of spray nozzles in terms of spr zzles in terms of spray coverage and dr age and drop distributionuniformity at low volume
Demir, Bünyamin
This study was conducted to compare the spray coverage rate and spray uniformity of seven different types of hydraulic nozzles (standard flat fan nozzles, ST; multirange nozzles, LU; air induction nozzles, IDK; twinjet air-induction nozzles, IDKT; narrow cone-angle standard nozzles, STD; hollow cone nozzles, DC; and antidrift nozzles, AD) commonly used in pesticide applications at low application volumes. All spray applications were carried out at a constant operating pressure of 300 kPa and a low application volume of 80 L/ha. The experiments were carried out in a closed facility under controlled conditions. Spray applications were carried out with the aid of a 12-m-long linear, automatic speed-controlled spray simulator. Water-sensitive paper was used for drop sampling. The greatest spra...