BAKIR, ÇİNKO, KURŞUN ve KADMİYUMUN Oreochromis niloticus' da BAZI SERUM BİYOKİMYASAL PARAMETRELER ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Çiftçi, Nuray | Karayakar, Fahri | Ay, Özcan | Cicik, Bedii

Araştırmada bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn),kurşun (Pb) ve kadmiyum (Cd)’un 96 saatlik LC50 değerinin %10’unakarşılık gelen sırasıyla 4.0, 6.0, 0.2 ve 1.6 ppm ortam derişimlerinin 7, 15 ve30 gün sürelerle etkisine bırakılan Oreochromis niloticus’un serumglukoz, total protein, albumin, D-Bilirubin, aspartat aminotransferaz (AST),alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve total kolesterol düzeylerinde meydana gelendeğişimler belirlenmiştir. Denemesüresince incelenen derişimlerin etkisinde mortalite gözlenmemiştir. İncelenenmetallerin belirlenen süreler sonundaki etkisinde kontrole oranla, totalprotein, albumin ve D-Bilirubin düzeylerinde önemli bir ayırım saptanmazken,serum glukoz, AST, ALT ve total kolesterol düzeylerinde artış gözlenmiştir.Elde edilen bulgular, ağır metal etkisinin serum biyokimyasal parametr...

Accumulation and Elimination of Cadmium by the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in differing Temperatures and Responses of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Karayakar, Fahri | Cicik, Bedii

The aims of this study were to investigate the accumulation (15 days) and elimination (15 and 30 days) of cadmium (Cd) in the liver, gill, kidney and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus following exposures to different concentrations (1 and 2 mg/L) of Cd at different water temperatures (20, 25, 30 o C). Additionally, responses of oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx and malondialdehyde, MDA) of the liver were determined following Cd exposures. In accumulation period, Cd levels increased significantly in all the tissues at all temperatures and tissue accumulation order was kidney>liver>gill. All tissues, except the muscle, accumulated Cd in relation to exposure concentrations and water temperatures. There was no measurable level of Cd...

Accumulation and Effect of Chromium on Protein and Glycogen Levels of Palaemonetes pugio

Çiftçi, Nuray | Karaytuğ, Sahire | Karayakar, Fahri | Ay, Özcan | Cicik, Bedii

Total metal accumulation and the levels of total protein and glycogen were measured in Palaemonetes pugio after exposing the animals to 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 ppm concentrations of chromium over 1, 7 and 15 days. Metal accumulation in tisuues was measured using atomic absorbtion spectrophotometric techniques and the levels of total protein and glycogen were determined Lowry and Anthron methods, respectively. No mortality was observed under the effect of chromium at any concentrations and exposure periods tested. Total metal accumulation increased with increasing concentrations of chromium at given exposure period while total protein and glycogen levels showed a decrease on day 15th compared with day 1.

Accumulation of copper in liver, gill and muscle tissues of Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758).

Karayakar, Fahri | Cicik, Bedii | Ciftci, Nuray | Karaytug, Sahire | Ay, Özcan

Accumulation of copper in liver, gill and muscle tissues of Anguilla anguilla was studied after exposing the animals to 1.00, 2.00 and 4.00 ppm Cu over 96 h period. The levels of metals in the studied tissues were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometric techniques. All the copper concentrations tested increased the tissue levels of the metal significantly in liver and gill tissues compared to control fish while metal accumulation in muscle tissue was statistically significant only at 4.00 ppm Cu. Accumulation of the metal in gill tissue showed no difference between the concentrations tested despite the differences observed in liver and muscle tissues. Accumulation of the metal was highest in liver tissue and lowest in muscle tissue.

Effects of Clinoptilolite on Copper Accumulation of Oreochromis niloticus

Çiftçi, Nuray | Karayakar, Fahri | Cicik, Bedii

The copper accumulation in liver and gill tissues of Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to 2 ppm Cu and 1g/L clinoptilolite singly and to the same concentrations of their mixture over 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours was studied. ICP-AES spectrophotometer techniques were applied in determining tissue copper levels. Statistical evaluation of the experimental data was carried out by Student Newman Keul’s procedure. No mortality was observed during the experiments. Copper accumulation was lower in metal-clinoptilolite mixture group than metal singly group in gill tissue while no accumulation in both experimental groups in liver tissue (P

Liver tissue trace element levels in HepB patients and the relationship of these elements with histological injury in the liver and with clinical parameters

Karayakar, Fahri | Çolak, Tahsin

Aim: In this study, the relationship of liver tissue trace element concentrations with hepatitis B disease and the effects of several environmental factors were analysed. Method: The liver tissue concentrations of Al, Fe, Cd, Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Ag, and Co were evaluated in 92 patients with hepatitis B using the Inductively Coupled Plasma − Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS) method in the analyses. The patients were divided into the following two groups: low-high Ishak histologic activity index (HAI) (0–6: Low Histologic Activity, 7–18: High Histologic Activity) and low-high fibrosis (FS) (Fibrosis 1,1,2 and Fibrosis 3,4,5,6). The metal levels were compared between the groups. Results: The Cd concentration was found to be statistically higher in the group with low HAI scores (p = 0.019). T...

EFFECTS OF COPPER AND LEAD ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF Oreochromis niloticus

Çiftçi, Nuray | Karayakar, Fahri | Ay, Özcan | Cicik, Bedii

Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of copper and lead on hematocrit and mean cell volume (MCV) levels and on erythrocyte numbers, erythrocyte and erythrocyte nucleus areas were determined after exposing Oreochromis niloticus to 4 ppm Cu and 0.2 ppm Pb over 7, 15 and 30 days. Micro-hematocrit methods were adopted in determining hematocrit levels and microscopic methods were used to determine MCV, erythrocyte numbers, erythrocyte and erythrocyte nucleus areas. Hematocrit and MCV levels and erythrocyte and nucleus areas increased significantly (P

Bakır ve Kurşunun Oreochromis niloticus’da Hepatosomatik İndeks, Gonadosomatik İndeks ve Kondüsyon Faktörü Üzerine Etkileri

Çiftçi, Nuray | Ay, Özcan | Karayakar, Fahri | Cicik, Bedii

Araştırmada bakır (Cu) ve kurşun (Pb)’un 96 saatlik LC50 değerinin %10’una karşılık gelen derişimlerinin (sırasıyla 4,0 ve 0,2 ppm) 7, 15 ve 30 gün sürelerde etkisine bırakılan Oreochromis niloticus’un Hepatosomatik İndeks (HSI), Gonadosomatik Indeks (GSI) ve Kondüsyon Faktörü (CF) üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Belirtilen parametrelerin hesaplanmasında standart matematiksel formüller kullanılmış, verilerin istatistiksel analizinde, Student Newman Keul’s testi ile varyans analizi uygulanmıştır. Denemede Cu etkisine bırakılan balıklarda HSI’de kontrole göre artış, GSI ve CF’nde deneme süresi sonunda azalma saptanırken, Pb etkisine bırakılan balıklarda HSI’de kontrole göre azalma (P0,05). Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to 10% of its 96 h LC50 (4.0 ppm Cu and 0.2 ppm P...

Heavy metal levels in five species of fish caught from Mersin Gulf.

Karayakar, Fahri | Karaytug, Sahire | Cicik, Bedii | Ay, Özcan | Ciftci, Nuray

The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of cadmium, copper, zinc and chromium in the liver, gill and muscle tissues of some pelagic, benthopelagic and benthic fish species caught from Mersin Gulf and sold at Karaduvar Harbor. Pelagic species Sardinella aurita (Clupeidae), Liza ramado (Mugilidae), benthopelagic species Diplodus annularis (Sparidae) and benthic species Solea lutea (Soleidae) and Umbrina cirrosa (Sciaenidae) were selected as the study material. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods were applied in determining the tissue levels of metals. Metal levels showed tissue-dependent changes in the species studied. Pb and Cr levels were below detection limit; hence no comparison was made among the tissues. Cd, Cu and Zn levels were highest in the liver tissues a...

EFFECTS OF ZINC AND CADMIUM ON CONDITION FACTOR, HEPATOSOMATIC AND GONADOSOMATIC INDEX OF Oreochromis niloticus

Çiftçi, Nuray | Ay, Özcan | Karayakar, Fahri | Cicik, Bedii

Effects of Zn and Cd on condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic (HIS) and gonadosomatic (GSI) of Oreochromis niloticus, after exposing the animals to 10 % of their LC50 values, namely 6.0 ppm Zn and 1.6 ppm Cd, over 7, 15, and 30 days. Standard mathematical formulations were used in determining the mentioned parameters. Cadmium, which is a toxic metal, increased GSI and decreased HSI and CF at the beginning of the experiments. The decrease in HSI and CF continued with increasing exposure periods. Zinc, however, decreased all three parameters compared with control at the end of experiments (P

Effects of Cadmium and Cadmium Chitosan Mixture on Some Blood Parameters of Oreochromis niloticus

Çiftçi, Nuray | Karayakar, Fahri | Ay, Özcan | Karaytuğ, Sahire | Cicik, Bedii

Effects of 1 mgL-1 cadmium (Cd) and 1 mgL-1 Cd-10 mgL-1 chitosan(CT) mixture on hematocrit levels, erythrocyte numbers and on erythrocyte and erythrocyte nucleus areas were determined after exposing the animals to Cd and Cd-CT mixture over 7, 15 and 30 days. Microhematocrit and microscopic methods were used in determining the above blood parameters. No mortality was observed during the experiments. Hematocrit levels and erythrocyte numbers decreased whereas erythrocyte and erythrocyte nucleus areas increased in fish exposed to Cd alone compared with the control. No difference was observed, however, in the parameters studied in Cd-CT exposed fish compared with the control, except the erythrocyte nucleus area (P

Heavy metal levels in economically important fish species sold by fishermen in Karatas (Adana / TURKEY)

Karayakar, Fahri | Işık, Umut | Cicik, Bedii

In this study, heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and As) levels in the muscle of economically important fish species (Trachurus mediterraneus, Sparus aurata and Pegusa lascaris) living in different water columns in the North-East Mediterranean Sea were measured. Fish were bought from local fishermen between September 2016-August 2017 in Karatas¸ region (Adana, Turkey). Levels of Cd, Cr, Pb and As were highest in the muscle of T. mediterraneus, S. aurata and P. lascaris in the autumn season, while Cu levels were highest in T. mediterraneus and S. aurata in the spring season. The lowest and highest levels of Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and As in the muscle of fish were 0.11–0.37, 0.09–0.57, 0.03–0,28, 0.002–0.03, 0.04–0.11 and 0.09–0.49 (μg/g w.w.), respectively. Metal levels in muscle tissues were wit...

Accumulation of Chromium in Hepatopancreas Gill and Muscle Tissues of Callinectes sapidus

Çiftçi, Nuray | Cicik, Bedii | Ay, Özcan | Karayakar, Fahri | Karaytuğ, Sahire

Accumulation of chromium (VI) in hepatopancreas, gill and muscle tissues of Callinectes sapidus was studied after exposing the animals to 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ppm chromium (IV) over 96 hours. Tissue levels of the metal were determined using Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometric (AAS) methods. No mortality was observed in any concentration of chromium after 96 hours of exposure. Accumulation of chromium in hepatopancreas and gill tissues increased with increasing concentrations of the metal, whereas muscle accumulation was below detection limits of AAS at the concentrations tested. The following relationship was found among the tissues in accumulating chromium; Gill > Hepatopancreas > Muscle

Changes in Liver Tissue Trace Element Concentrations During Hepatitis B Viral Infection Treatment

Karayakar, Fahri | Çolak, Tahsin

Approximately 350–400 million people in the world have Hbs Ag (hepatitis B virus surface antigen) positivity. In the international guidelines, the permanent suppression of replication in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection therapy is reported as the primary therapeutic goal. Trace elements play a key role in liver diseases. The aim of our study is to determine some trace element concentrations in the liver during HBV treatment periods. The measurement of 11 trace elements (manganese, lead, nickel, chromium, cadmium, iron, copper, zinc, silver, cobalt, and aluminum) was carried out by the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in liver biopsy materials (before starting treatment and at the sixth month of the treatment period). There was an increase in zinc and copper c...

Effects of cadmium on sera glucose and cortisol levels in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822).

Karaytuğ, Sahire | Karayakar, Fahri | Çiftçi, Nuray | Cicik, Bedii | Ay, Özcan

The effects of cadmium on sera glucose and cortisol levels of Clarias gariepinus was studied after exposing the animals to 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 ppm Cd over 30 days. An autoanalyser was used in determining sera parameters. Sera glucose levels showed no significant difference between the control and 0.25 and 0.50 ppm Cd exposed fish whereas 1.00 ppm cadmium decreased sera glucose significantly (p

Mersin Yöresinde Mugil cephalus (L.1758), Sparus aurata (L.1758), Solea solea balık türlerinin yüzeylerinden alınan enterobacteriaceae grubu bakterilerinin tanısı ve bazı iii. kuşak cephalosporinlere karşı dirençlilik frekansının hesaplanması

Karayakar, Fahri