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Current Psychology3
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Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition2
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi2
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Acta Oecologica1
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Acta Psychologia1
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American Journal of Orthopsychiatry1
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Frontiers in Psychology1
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Industrial and Organizational Psychology1
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Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma1
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Journal of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy1
A systematic review of the reliability of objective structured clinical examination scores
Korkmaz, Habibe Tuğba Erol
CONTEXT The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is comprised of a series of simulations used to assess the skill of medical practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of patients. It is often used in high-stakes examinations and therefore it is important to assess its reliability and validity. METHODS The published literature was searched (PsycINFO, PubMed) for OSCE reliability estimates (coefficient alpha and generalisability coefficients) computed either across stations or across items within stations. Coders independently recorded information about each study. A meta-analysis of the available literature was computed and sources of systematic variance in estimates were examined. RESULTS A total of 188 alpha values from 39 studies were coded. The overall (summary) alpha acr...
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Probabilistic Learning
Büyükgüdük, İlkim | Geraldine Veldhuizen, Maria
tVNS enhances various memory and learning mechanisms, but there is inconclusive evidence on whether probabilistic learning can be enhanced by tVNS. Here, we tested a simplified version of the probabilistic learning task with monetary rewards in a between-participants design with left and right-sided cymba conchae and tragus stimulation (compared to sham stimulation) in a sample of healthy individuals (n = 80, 64 women, on average 26.38 years old). tVNS enhances overall accuracy significantly(p = 4.09 x 10⁻⁰⁴) and reduces response times (p = 1.1006 x 10⁻⁴⁹) in the probabilistic learning phase. Reinforcement learningmodelling of the data revealed that the tVNS group uses a riskier strategy, dedicates more time to stimulus encoding and motorprocesses and exhibits greater reward sensitivity re...
How Prevalent Are the Different Types of Organizational Justice Research?
Korkmaz, Habibe Tuğba Erol
In his article, Greenberg (2009) classified justice research into four types. Basic research uncovers the nature and structure of justice; implication research examines relationships of justice with organizationrelevant phenomena; intervention research assesses the efficacy of initiatives designed to cultivate justice; and case study research describes anecdotal applications of justice initiatives. As he noted, the justice literature is predominantly comprised of basic and implication research, while little work has put into practice of the knowledge that has been gained from this research. As a result, very few examples of intervention and case study research exist. The goal of this commentary is to add numbers to Greenberg’s taxonomy of the justice literature in order to determine the cu...
Effects of excessive sugar consumption on social recognition behavior of rats exposed to prolonged stress
Büyükgüdük, İlkim
Objective: As a result of non-tolerable toxic stress caused by negative life experiences, the first symptoms causing impairment in functionality of an individual are seen in social field. we aim to investigate the alterations in the social recognition and memory tests in excessive sugar consumed animals exposed to single prolonged stress. Methods: Adult female rats (n=15) were divided into two groups and 10% corn syrup was added to the diet of the experimental group for 10 days, while only water and standard pellets were given to the controls. At the end of the diet, single prolonged stress protocol (2 hours immobilization, 20 minutes forced swim and ether until anesthesia) was applied to the animals. Animals were kept under control conditions for 7 days. Animals were conditioned with high...
In subclinical depression in undergraduates, odor-evoked autobiographical memories are relatively less vivid than those evoked with words or photographs.
YAR BERÇEM | Üngüder Yağmur | VELDHUİZEN MARİA GERALDİNE
The specificity of autobiographical memories is reduced in depression. Effects of depression on memory specificity have typically been examined using word cues, but odor cues may be more sensitive. Here, we measured depressive symptom severity in undergraduate students with and without subclinical depression (n = 99, 58 women, 40 men, and one nonbinary) and used word, photograph, or odor cues to examine memory retrieval. Overall, we observed more memories recalled in subclinical depression relative to no depression. We observed no effect of cue type or depression group on autobiographical memories specificity. However, subclinical depression was associated with lower memory pleasantness. Memory vividness was also associated with subclinical depression, mostly in memories evoked by odors. T...
Tastes and retronasal odours evoke a shared flavour-specific neural code in the human insula
Veldhuizen Maria Geraldine
During food consumption, tastes combine with retronasal odours to form flavour, which leads to a link so robust that retronasal odours can elicit taste sensations without concurrent taste stimulation. However, the cortical integration of these parallel sensory signals remains unclear. Here, we combine a flavour-binding paradigm and functional neuroimaging to test whether retronasal odorants evoke encoding patterns in the insula similar to those of their paired tastants. Healthy participants attend a familiarisation session with congruent sweet and savoury flavours followed by two functional MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) sessions where they separately receive the constituent tastants and odorants. Multivariate pattern analysis reveal classification of retronasal odours within the insula,...
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in a hungry state decreases heart rate variability
Büyükgüdük, ilkim | Yanık, Hüseyin | Yılmaz, Dilan Dneiz | Yar, Berçem | Değirmenci, Evren | Dal, Uğur | Geraldine Veldhuizen, Maria
Vagus nerve signals from the gut to brain carry information about nutrients and drive food reward. Such signals are disrupted by consuming large amounts of high-calorie foods, necessitating greater food intake to elicit a similar neural response. Non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) via a branch innervating the ear is a candidate treatment for obesity in humans. There is disagreement on the optimal location of nVNS in the ear for experimental and clinical studies. There are also no studies comparing nVNS in hungry and post-prandial states. We aimed to compare ear position(s) for nVNS and explore the effects of nVNS during hungry and post-prandial states on proxies for autonomic outflow (heart-rate variability) and efferent metabolism (gastric wave frequency and resting energy expend...
CAN NON-INVASIVE VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION CONDITION PREFERENCE FOR NEW FLAVORS PAIRED WITH LOW-FAT FOODS?
Büyükgüdük, İlkim | Geraldine Veldhuizen, Maria | Yılmaz, Dilan Deniz | Dal, Uğur
Conditioned flavor preference can be formed when a novel flavor is associated with for example palatable taste and/ or with positive post-digestive effects. Recent research on the vagus nerve (VN) using chemogenetic and optogeneti stimulation has shown that vagal gut-brain communication underlies this learning. If VN activity triggers food reward, we predict that non-invasive VN stimulation (nVNS, compared to pseudo-stimulation) will condition liking for new flavors paired with low-fat foods. In order to select flavors for conditioning, 17 participants tasted and rated 10 flavors using the sip and-spit method. The participants rated liking and wanting. Two flavors that are similarly near to neutral in liking were chosen for the conditioning sessions. To induce associative conditioning, we ...
In subclinical depression in undergraduates, odor-evoked autobiographical memories are relatively less vivid than those evoked with words or photographs.
YAR BERÇEM | Üngüder Yağmur | VELDHUİZEN MARİA GERALDİNE
The specificity of autobiographical memories is reduced in depression. Effects of depression on memory specificity have typically been examined using word cues, but odor cues may be more sensitive. Here, we measured depressive symptom severity in undergraduate students with and without subclinical depression (n = 99, 58 women, 40 men, and one nonbinary) and used word, photograph, or odor cues to examine memory retrieval. Overall, we observed more memories recalled in subclinical depression relative to no depression. We observed no effect of cue type or depression group on autobiographical memories specificity. However, subclinical depression was associated with lower memory pleasantness. Memory vividness was also associated with subclinical depression, mostly in memories evoked by odors. T...
Corticospinal motor neuron specific transduction of the TARDBP gene via viral vectors
Büyükgüdük, İlkim
Objective: Recent studies show that mutations and overexpression of the TARDBP gene causes pathological aggregates and inclusion bodies in neurons. This is one of the underlying causes of the progressive neuronal degeneration and apoptosis seen in motor neuron diseases. In this study, we investigated the morphological changes in the rat motor cortex after transduction of neurons by viral vectors expressing either full-length hTDP-43 or nuclear localization sequence-deleted hTDP-43 (hTDP-43-ΔNLS). Methods: Experimental (hTDP-43 and hTDP-43-ΔNLS) and control (SF injected) groups of 4 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6, for each group) received intravenous injection of viral vectors (AAV2-9 serotype, 1.77x1012 vg/kg) designed under the control of a specific promoter (ubiquitin carboxyl-termin...
Alterations in motor functions of rats after systemic delivery of genes encoding native or mutant transactive response DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43)
Büyükgüdük, İlkim
Objective: Transactive response-DNA binding proteinopathy (TDP-43) has become a hallmark feature in motor neuron diseases. Not only overexpression, but also deletion of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) causes proteinopathic alterations. We employed viral vector mediated gene transfer method for delivery of genes encoding native or mutant TDP-43 to assess motor functions of young adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Motor neuron specific targeting of AAV9 vectors were achieved by using a cell type specific promoter (UCHL1). While control animals received SF injection (n=10), experimental groups were injected by either native or NLS-deleted viruses (1.77×1012 vg/kg, n=7/each group), on postnatal day 30. Following systemic injection of viruses, motor coordination of anim...
Ergen Yürütücü İşlevler Envanterinin Türkçe Formunun Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Yar, Berçem
Ergen Yürütücü İşlevler Envanteri (EYİE), ergenlerin yürütücü işlevlerini değerlendirmede yaygın olarak kullanılan bir değerlendirme aracıdır. Bu çalışmada, Ergen Yürütücü İşlevler Envanterinin Türkçe formunun (EYİE-TR) psikometrik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 12-17 yaş arasında 226 (%58) kadın ve 161 (%42) erkek olmak üzere toplam 387 kişi çalışmaya katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, EYİE-TR’nin yanı sıra Conners-Wells Ergen Öz-bildirim Ölçeği (C-WEÖÖ-K), Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği (BEÖ) ve Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeğini (BDÖ-11) yanıtlamışlardır. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) sonuçları uyum iyiliği indekslerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğunu (χ2(165, N = 387) = 386.038, χ2/sd = 2.340, RMSEA= 0.059, CFI = 0.90) ve Türkçe formun orijinal ölçekte olduğu gibi iki faktörlü (ketleme ve çal...
University students’ cognitive flexibility and critical thinking dispositions
Karakuş, İsmail
The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are differences in critical thinking dispositions and cognitive flexibility among university students based on gender, grade level, and faculty. Additionally, the study will investigate the relationship between these two concepts and their predictive power. The study was conducted using a relational survey model and included 366 university students selected through maximum diversity sampling. The study involved university students from various faculties and grade levels. Data was collected through a personal information form, cognitive flexibility inventory, and critical thinking disposition scale. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 25 program. The results indicate that university students exhibit relatively high levels of cognitive f...
Correlates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Aftermath of the February 2023 Earthquake in Turkey
Alpay, Emre Han
On February 6, 2023, an earthquake registering 7.8 on the Richter scale struck southeast Turkey, and this was followed by a second earthquake of magnitude 7.5. The earthquake resulted in widespread loss, devastation, and destruction and is anticipated to bear a significant psychological toll on survivors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in those living in earthquake-affected areas of Turkey. The sample was a convenience sample of 527 adults living in earthquake-affected areas of Turkey. Prevalence rates and gender differences in exposure to earthquake-related traumatic events were investigated. Moreover, prevalence rates of ICD-11 PTSD were computed, and demographic and trauma-related correlates of ICD-11 PTSD wer...
Multiple trauma exposure and psychopathology in Syrian refugees living in Turkey: A latent class analysis
Alpay, Emre Han
Background: After the Syrian civil war, millions of Syrian refugees migrated to neighboring countries, with the majority settling in Turkey. The prevalence of mental disorders is notably higher among refugee populations. However, prior research on Syrian refugees have mostly used variable-centred approaches which have known limitations. Thus, the present study sought to examine the occurrence and co-occurrence of traumatic experiences among Syrian refugees living in Turkey using latent class analysis (LCA). Additionally, this study aimed to identify the associations between latent class membership and trauma-related psychopathology. Methods: Participants included 593 Syrian refugees living in Turkey. LCA was used to identify latent classes of trauma exposure. Demographic predictors of the ...
The moderator roles of depression and anxiety symptoms in the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth in Syrian refugees.
Alpay, Emre Han
Purpose: Traumatic events not only lead to negative consequences, such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), but are also associated with positive results, such as psychological growth and maturity. This paper aimed to examine the moderating effect of depression and anxiety symptoms on the relationship between PTSD and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Method: The participants were 630 adult Syrian refugees(Mage = 31.83, SD = 9.71; 218 were male and 412 were female) who migrated to Türkiye after the civil war in Syria. They completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Patience Health Questionnaire, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire. A double moderation model was tested to investigate the potential moderation roles of depressio...